start: v5

2024-06-15 22:15:57 +03:00
parent 1615180d8d
commit 73b3aaba84
43 changed files with 3961 additions and 1 deletions
--- a/v4/_old/ctx_test.cpp
+++ b/v4/_old/ctx_test.cpp
--- a/v4/_old/ctx_test.py
+++ b/v4/_old/ctx_test.py
--- a/v4/_old/ctx_test_Python.py
+++ b/v4/_old/ctx_test_Python.py
--- a/v4/main.py
+++ b/v4/main.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from llm_test_Python import *
 from memory_test import *
 import sys

-print(ctx_test_Controller_executeFunctions_set())
+print(ctx_test_Controller_executeFunctions_registerFunction_set())
 print(ctx_test_Controller_processQueue())
 print(ctx_test_Controller_registerFieldCallback_match())
 print(ctx_test_Controller_registerFieldCallback_mismatch())
--- a/v5/_old/ctx_test.cpp
+++ b/v5/_old/ctx_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include "ctx.h"
+#include "llm.h"
+#include "memory_Context.h"
+#include "main.h"
+
+std::string ctx_test_Controller_executeFunctions_set(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  auto ctrl = ctx_Controller(c);
+  // Disable automatic invocation of executeFunctions.
+  ctrl.isProcessingQueue = true;
+  ctrl.set("input", "123");
+  ctrl.registerFunction(__processInput);
+  // Apply 'input'.
+  ctrl.executeFunctions();
+  // Apply 'outputHelp'.
+  ctrl.executeFunctions();
+  if (
+    c.input == "123" &&
+    c.outputHelp == "Checked"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: ctx_Controller_executeFunctions_set";
+  }
+  return "ERR: ctx_Controller_executeFunctions_set";
+}
+
+std::string ctx_test_Controller_processQueue(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  auto ctrl = ctx_Controller(c);
+  ctrl.registerFunction(__processInput);
+  ctrl.set("input", "abc");;
+  if (
+    c.input == "abc" &&
+    c.outputHelp == "Checked"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: ctx_Controller_processQueue";
+  }
+  return "ERR: ctx_Controller_processQueue";
+}
+
+std::string ctx_test_memoryContext_field(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.input = "abc";
+  if (
+    c.field("input") == "abc"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: ctx_memoryContext_field";
+  }
+  return "ERR: ctx_memoryContext_field";
+}
+
+std::string ctx_test_memoryContext_setField(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.input = "abc";
+  c.setField("input", "123");
+  if (
+    c.field("input") == "123"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: ctx_memoryContext_setField";
+  }
+  return "ERR: ctx_memoryContext_setField";
+}
+
+// Auxiliary functions.
+
+memory_Context __processInput(
+  memory_Context c
+) {
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "input"
+  ) {
+    c.outputHelp = "Checked";
+    c.recentField = "outputHelp";
+    return c;
+  }
+  c.recentField = "none";
+  return c;
+}
+
--- a/v5/_old/ctx_test.py
+++ b/v5/_old/ctx_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+from ctx import *
+from memory import *
+from memory_Context import *
+
+def ctx_test_Controller_executeFunctions_set(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  ctrl = ctx_Controller(c)
+  # Disable automatic invocation of executeFunctions.
+  ctrl.isProcessingQueue = True
+  ctrl.set("input", "123")
+  ctrl.registerFunction(__processInput)
+  # Apply 'input'.
+  ctrl.executeFunctions()
+  # Apply 'outputHelp'.
+  ctrl.executeFunctions()
+  if (
+    c.input == "123" and
+    c.outputHelp == "Checked"
+  ):
+    return "OK: ctx_Controller_executeFunctions_set"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: ctx_Controller_executeFunctions_set"
+#}
+
+def ctx_test_Controller_processQueue(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  ctrl = ctx_Controller(c)
+  ctrl.registerFunction(__processInput)
+  ctrl.set("input", "abc");
+  if (
+    c.input == "abc" and
+    c.outputHelp == "Checked"
+  ):
+    return "OK: ctx_Controller_processQueue"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: ctx_Controller_processQueue"
+#}
+
+def ctx_test_memoryContext_field(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.input = "abc"
+  if (
+    c.field("input") == "abc"
+  ):
+    return "OK: ctx_memoryContext_field"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: ctx_memoryContext_field"
+#}
+
+def ctx_test_memoryContext_setField(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.input = "abc"
+  c.setField("input", "123")
+  if (
+    c.field("input") == "123"
+  ):
+    return "OK: ctx_memoryContext_setField"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: ctx_memoryContext_setField"
+#}
+
+# Auxiliary functions.
+
+@llm_by_value
+def __processInput(
+  c: memory_Context
+) -> memory_Context:
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "input"
+  ):
+    c.outputHelp = "Checked"
+    c.recentField = "outputHelp"
+    return c
+  #}
+  c.recentField = "none"
+  return c
+#}
--- a/v5/_old/ctx_test_Python.py
+++ b/v5/_old/ctx_test_Python.py
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+from ctx import *
+from memory import *
+from memory_Context import *
+
+def ctx_test_Python_Controller_registerFieldCallback_match(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  ctrl = ctx_Controller(c)
+  c.input = "123"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  globals()["__callbackInput"] = ""
+  ctrl.registerFieldCallback("input", __setCallbackInput)
+  ctrl.reportContext()
+  val = globals()["__callbackInput"]
+  if (
+    c.input == globals()["__callbackInput"]
+  ):
+    return "OK: ctx_Python_Controller_registerFieldCallback_match"
+  #}
+  return f"ERR: ctx_Python_Controller_registerFieldCallback_match"
+#}
+
+def ctx_test_Python_Controller_registerFieldCallback_mismatch(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  ctrl = ctx_Controller(c)
+  c.input = "123"
+  c.outputHelp = "you"
+  c.recentField = "outputHelp"
+  globals()["__callbackInput"] = ""
+  ctrl.registerFieldCallback("input", __setCallbackInput)
+  ctrl.reportContext()
+  val = globals()["__callbackInput"]
+  if (
+    globals()["__callbackInput"] == ""
+  ):
+    return "OK: ctx_Python_Controller_registerFieldCallback_mismatch"
+  #}
+  return f"ERR: ctx_Python_Controller_registerFieldCallback_mismatch"
+#}
+
+# Auxiliary.
+
+__callbackInput = ""
+
+@llm_by_value
+def __setCallbackInput(c):
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "input"
+  ):
+    globals()["__callbackInput"] = c.input
+  #}
+#}
--- a/v5/any.h
+++ b/v5/any.h
@@ -0,0 +1,549 @@
+/**
+ * Implementation of N4562 std::experimental::any (merged into C++17 as std::any)
+ * for C++11 compilers.
+ *
+ * See also:
+ *   + http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/any
+ *   + http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/experimental/any
+ *   + http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2015/n4562.html#any
+ *   + https://cplusplus.github.io/LWG/lwg-active.html#2509
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2016 Denilson das Merc<72>s Amorim
+ * Copyright (c) 2018 Claudio Fantacci
+ *
+ * Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+ * (See accompanying file LICENSE.md or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANY_H
+#define ANY_H
+
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <typeinfo>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+
+namespace libany
+{
+
+class bad_any_cast : public std::bad_cast
+{
+public:
+    const char* what() const noexcept override
+    {
+        return "bad any_cast";
+    }
+};
+
+
+class any final
+{
+public:
+    /**
+     * Constructs an object of type any with an empty state.
+     */
+    any() :
+        vtable(nullptr)
+    { }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an object of type any with an equivalent state as other.
+     */
+    any(const any& rhs) :
+        vtable(rhs.vtable)
+    {
+        if(rhs.has_value())
+        {
+            rhs.vtable->copy(rhs.storage, this->storage);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an object of type any with a state equivalent to the original state of other.
+     * rhs is left in a valid but otherwise unspecified state.
+     */
+    any(any&& rhs) noexcept :
+        vtable(rhs.vtable)
+    {
+        if(rhs.has_value())
+        {
+            rhs.vtable->move(rhs.storage, this->storage);
+            rhs.vtable = nullptr;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Same effect as this->clear().
+     */
+    ~any()
+    {
+        this->reset();
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an object of type any that contains an object of type T direct-initialized with std::forward<ValueType>(value).
+     * T shall satisfy the CopyConstructible requirements, otherwise the program is ill-formed.
+     * This is because an `any` may be copy constructed into another `any` at any time, so a copy should always be allowed.
+     */
+    template<typename ValueType, typename = typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<typename std::decay<ValueType>::type, any>::value>::type>
+    any(ValueType&& value)
+    {
+        static_assert(std::is_copy_constructible<typename std::decay<ValueType>::type>::value,
+                      "T shall satisfy the CopyConstructible requirements.");
+        this->construct(std::forward<ValueType>(value));
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Has the same effect as any(rhs).swap(*this). No effects if an exception is thrown.
+     */
+    any& operator=(const any& rhs)
+    {
+        any(rhs).swap(*this);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Has the same effect as any(std::move(rhs)).swap(*this).
+     * The state of *this is equivalent to the original state of rhs and rhs is left in a valid
+     * but otherwise unspecified state.
+     */
+    any& operator=(any&& rhs) noexcept
+    {
+        any(std::move(rhs)).swap(*this);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Has the same effect as any(std::forward<ValueType>(value)).swap(*this). No effect if a exception is thrown.
+     * T shall satisfy the CopyConstructible requirements, otherwise the program is ill-formed.
+     * This is because an `any` may be copy constructed into another `any` at any time, so a copy should always be allowed.
+     */
+    template<typename ValueType, typename = typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<typename std::decay<ValueType>::type, any>::value>::type>
+    any& operator=(ValueType&& value)
+    {
+        static_assert(std::is_copy_constructible<typename std::decay<ValueType>::type>::value, "T shall satisfy the CopyConstructible requirements.");
+        any(std::forward<ValueType>(value)).swap(*this);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * If not empty, destroys the contained object.
+     */
+    void reset() noexcept
+    {
+        if(has_value())
+        {
+            this->vtable->destroy(storage);
+            this->vtable = nullptr;
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if *this has no contained object, otherwise false.
+     */
+    bool has_value() const noexcept
+    {
+        return this->vtable != nullptr;
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * If *this has a contained object of type T, typeid(T); otherwise typeid(void).
+     */
+    const std::type_info& type() const noexcept
+    {
+        return has_value()? this->vtable->type() : typeid(void);
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Exchange the states of *this and rhs.
+     */
+    void swap(any& other) noexcept
+    {
+        if(this->vtable != other.vtable)
+        {
+            any tmp(std::move(other));
+
+            other.vtable = this->vtable;
+            if(this->vtable != nullptr)
+                this->vtable->move(this->storage, other.storage);
+
+            this->vtable = tmp.vtable;
+            if(tmp.vtable != nullptr)
+            {
+                tmp.vtable->move(tmp.storage, this->storage);
+                tmp.vtable = nullptr;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            if(this->vtable != nullptr)
+                this->vtable->swap(this->storage, other.storage);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+private:
+    union storage_union
+    {
+        using stack_storage_t = typename std::aligned_storage<2 * sizeof(void*), std::alignment_of<void*>::value>::type;
+
+        void* dynamic;
+
+        stack_storage_t stack;
+    };
+
+
+    /**
+     * Base VTable specification.
+     *
+     * Note: The caller is responsible for doing .vtable = nullptr after destructful operations
+     * such as destroy() and/or move().
+     */
+    struct vtable_type
+    {
+        /**
+         * The type of the object this vtable is for.
+         */
+        const std::type_info& (*type)() noexcept;
+
+
+        /**
+         * Destroys the object in the union.
+         * The state of the union after this call is unspecified, caller must ensure not to use src anymore.
+         */
+        void(*destroy)(storage_union&) noexcept;
+
+
+        /**
+         * Copies the **inner** content of the src union into the yet unitialized dest union.
+         * As such, both inner objects will have the same state, but on separate memory locations.
+         */
+        void(*copy)(const storage_union& src, storage_union& dest);
+
+
+        /**
+         * Moves the storage from src to the yet unitialized dest union.
+         * The state of src after this call is unspecified, caller must ensure not to use src anymore.
+         */
+        void(*move)(storage_union& src, storage_union& dest) noexcept;
+
+
+        /**
+         * Exchanges the storage between lhs and rhs.
+         */
+        void(*swap)(storage_union& lhs, storage_union& rhs) noexcept;
+    };
+
+
+    /**
+     * VTable for dynamically allocated storage.
+     */
+    template<typename T>
+    struct vtable_dynamic
+    {
+        static const std::type_info& type() noexcept
+        {
+            return typeid(T);
+        }
+
+
+        static void destroy(storage_union& storage) noexcept
+        {
+            delete reinterpret_cast<T*>(storage.dynamic);
+        }
+
+
+        static void copy(const storage_union& src, storage_union& dest)
+        {
+            dest.dynamic = new T(*reinterpret_cast<const T*>(src.dynamic));
+        }
+
+
+        static void move(storage_union& src, storage_union& dest) noexcept
+        {
+            dest.dynamic = src.dynamic;
+            src.dynamic = nullptr;
+        }
+
+
+        static void swap(storage_union& lhs, storage_union& rhs) noexcept
+        {
+            std::swap(lhs.dynamic, rhs.dynamic);
+        }
+    };
+
+
+    /**
+     * VTable for stack allocated storage.
+     */
+    template<typename T>
+    struct vtable_stack
+    {
+        static const std::type_info& type() noexcept
+        {
+            return typeid(T);
+        }
+
+
+        static void destroy(storage_union& storage) noexcept
+        {
+            reinterpret_cast<T*>(&storage.stack)->~T();
+        }
+
+
+        static void copy(const storage_union& src, storage_union& dest)
+        {
+            new (&dest.stack) T(reinterpret_cast<const T&>(src.stack));
+        }
+
+
+        static void move(storage_union& src, storage_union& dest) noexcept
+        {
+            /**
+             * One of the conditions for using vtable_stack is a nothrow move constructor,
+             * so this move constructor will never throw a exception.
+             */
+            new (&dest.stack) T(std::move(reinterpret_cast<T&>(src.stack)));
+            destroy(src);
+        }
+
+
+        static void swap(storage_union& lhs, storage_union& rhs) noexcept
+        {
+            storage_union tmp_storage;
+            move(rhs, tmp_storage);
+            move(lhs, rhs);
+            move(tmp_storage, lhs);
+        }
+    };
+
+
+    /**
+     * Whether the type T must be dynamically allocated or can be stored on the stack.
+     */
+    template<typename T>
+    struct requires_allocation :
+        std::integral_constant<bool, !(std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<T>::value // N4562 6.3/3 [any.class]
+                                       && sizeof(T) <= sizeof(storage_union::stack)
+                                       && std::alignment_of<T>::value <= std::alignment_of<storage_union::stack_storage_t>::value)>
+    { };
+
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the pointer to the vtable of the type T.
+     */
+    template<typename T>
+    static vtable_type* vtable_for_type()
+    {
+        using VTableType = typename std::conditional<requires_allocation<T>::value, vtable_dynamic<T>, vtable_stack<T>>::type;
+        static vtable_type table = { VTableType::type, VTableType::destroy, VTableType::copy, VTableType::move, VTableType::swap };
+        return &table;
+    }
+
+
+protected:
+    template<typename T>
+    friend const T* any_cast(const any* operand) noexcept;
+
+
+    template<typename T>
+    friend T* any_cast(any* operand) noexcept;
+
+
+    /**
+     * Same effect as is_same(this->type(), t);
+     */
+    bool is_typed(const std::type_info& t) const
+    {
+        return is_same(this->type(), t);
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if two type infos are the same.
+     * If ANY_IMPL_FAST_TYPE_INFO_COMPARE is defined, checks only the address of the
+     * type infos, otherwise does an actual comparision. Checking addresses is
+     * only a valid approach when there's no interaction with outside sources
+     * (other shared libraries and such).
+     */
+    static bool is_same(const std::type_info& a, const std::type_info& b)
+    {
+#ifdef ANY_IMPL_FAST_TYPE_INFO_COMPARE
+        return &a == &b;
+#else
+        return a == b;
+#endif
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Casts (with no type_info checks) the storage pointer as const T*.
+     */
+    template<typename T>
+    const T* cast() const noexcept
+    {
+        return requires_allocation<typename std::decay<T>::type>::value ? reinterpret_cast<const T*>(storage.dynamic) : reinterpret_cast<const T*>(&storage.stack);
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Casts (with no type_info checks) the storage pointer as T*.
+     */
+    template<typename T>
+    T* cast() noexcept
+    {
+        return requires_allocation<typename std::decay<T>::type>::value ? reinterpret_cast<T*>(storage.dynamic) : reinterpret_cast<T*>(&storage.stack);
+    }
+
+
+private:
+    storage_union storage; // On offset(0) so no padding for align
+
+    vtable_type* vtable;
+
+
+    template<typename ValueType, typename T>
+    typename std::enable_if<requires_allocation<T>::value>::type do_construct(ValueType&& value)
+    {
+        storage.dynamic = new T(std::forward<ValueType>(value));
+    }
+
+
+    template<typename ValueType, typename T>
+    typename std::enable_if<!requires_allocation<T>::value>::type do_construct(ValueType&& value)
+    {
+        new (&storage.stack) T(std::forward<ValueType>(value));
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Chooses between stack and dynamic allocation for the type decay_t<ValueType>,
+     * assigns the correct vtable, and constructs the object on our storage.
+     */
+    template<typename ValueType>
+    void construct(ValueType&& value)
+    {
+        using T = typename std::decay<ValueType>::type;
+
+        this->vtable = vtable_for_type<T>();
+
+        do_construct<ValueType,T>(std::forward<ValueType>(value));
+    }
+};
+
+
+namespace detail
+{
+    template<typename ValueType>
+    inline ValueType any_cast_move_if_true(typename std::remove_reference<ValueType>::type* p, std::true_type)
+    {
+        return std::move(*p);
+    }
+
+
+    template<typename ValueType>
+    inline ValueType any_cast_move_if_true(typename std::remove_reference<ValueType>::type* p, std::false_type)
+    {
+        return *p;
+    }
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Performs *any_cast<add_const_t<remove_reference_t<ValueType>>>(&operand), or throws bad_any_cast on failure.
+ */
+template<typename ValueType>
+inline ValueType any_cast(const any& operand)
+{
+    auto p = any_cast<typename std::add_const<typename std::remove_reference<ValueType>::type>::type>(&operand);
+    if(p == nullptr) throw bad_any_cast();
+    return *p;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Performs *any_cast<remove_reference_t<ValueType>>(&operand), or throws bad_any_cast on failure.
+ */
+template<typename ValueType>
+inline ValueType any_cast(any& operand)
+{
+    auto p = any_cast<typename std::remove_reference<ValueType>::type>(&operand);
+    if(p == nullptr) throw bad_any_cast();
+    return *p;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * If ANY_IMPL_ANYCAST_MOVEABLE is not defined, does as N4562 specifies:
+ *     Performs *any_cast<remove_reference_t<ValueType>>(&operand), or throws bad_any_cast on failure.
+ *
+ * If ANY_IMPL_ANYCAST_MOVEABLE is defined, does as LWG Defect 2509 specifies [1]:
+ *     If ValueType is MoveConstructible and isn't a lvalue reference, performs
+ *     std::move(*any_cast<remove_reference_t<ValueType>>(&operand)), otherwise
+ *     *any_cast<remove_reference_t<ValueType>>(&operand).
+ *     Throws bad_any_cast on failure.
+ *
+ *     [1] https://cplusplus.github.io/LWG/lwg-active.html#2509
+ */
+template<typename ValueType>
+inline ValueType any_cast(any&& operand)
+{
+#ifdef ANY_IMPL_ANY_CAST_MOVEABLE
+    using can_move = std::integral_constant<bool, std::is_move_constructible<ValueType>::value && !std::is_lvalue_reference<ValueType>::value>;
+#else
+    using can_move = std::false_type;
+#endif
+
+    auto p = any_cast<typename std::remove_reference<ValueType>::type>(&operand);
+    if(p == nullptr) throw bad_any_cast();
+    return detail::any_cast_move_if_true<ValueType>(p, can_move());
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * If operand != nullptr && operand->type() == typeid(ValueType), a pointer to the object
+ * contained by operand, otherwise nullptr.
+ */
+template<typename T>
+inline const T* any_cast(const any* operand) noexcept
+{
+    if(operand == nullptr || !operand->is_typed(typeid(T)))
+        return nullptr;
+    else
+        return operand->cast<T>();
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * If operand != nullptr && operand->type() == typeid(ValueType), a pointer to the object
+ * contained by operand, otherwise nullptr.
+ */
+template<typename T>
+inline T* any_cast(any* operand) noexcept
+{
+    if(operand == nullptr || !operand->is_typed(typeid(T)))
+        return nullptr;
+    else
+        return operand->cast<T>();
+}
+
+
+inline void swap(any& lhs, any& rhs) noexcept
+{
+    lhs.swap(rhs);
+}
+
+}
+
+#endif /* ANY_H */
--- a/v5/cli.cpp
+++ b/v5/cli.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include "ctx.h"
+#include "llm.h"
+#include "memory_Context.h"
+#include "main.h"
+
+// Exit
+//
+// Conditions:
+// 1. `e`, `exit`, `q`, or `quit` was entered
+// 2. Victory has just been reported
+memory_Context cli_exit(
+  memory_Context c
+) {
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "input" &&
+    (
+      c.input == "e" ||
+      c.input == "exit" ||
+      c.input == "q" ||
+      c.input == "quit"
+    )
+  ) {
+    c.exit = true;
+    c.recentField = "exit";
+    return c;
+  }
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputVictory"
+  ) {
+    c.exit = true;
+    c.recentField = "exit";
+    return c;
+  }
+  c.recentField = "none";
+  return c;
+}
+
+// Ask user to go on
+//
+// Conditions:
+// 1. Items have just matched and there are still items left to select
+memory_Context cli_goOn(
+  memory_Context c
+) {
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputMatchedItems" &&
+    c.hiddenItems.size() != c.playfieldItems.size()
+  ) {
+    c.outputGoOn = "Go on:";
+    c.recentField = "outputGoOn";
+    return c;
+  }
+  c.recentField = "none";
+  return c;
+}
+
+// Greet the user
+//
+// Conditions:
+// 1. Just launched
+memory_Context cli_greetUser(
+  memory_Context c
+) {
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "didLaunch" &&
+    c.didLaunch == true
+  ) {
+    c.outputGreeting = "OGS Memory Command Line Interface";
+    c.recentField = "outputGreeting";
+    return c;
+  }
+  c.recentField = "none";
+  return c;
+}
+
+// Ask user to select second item to have a pair of selected items
+//
+// Conditions:
+// 1. Single item has just been selected
+memory_Context cli_promptSecondItemSelection(
+  memory_Context c
+) {
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "selectedItems" &&
+    c.selectedItems.size() == 1
+  ) {
+    c.outputPromptSelection = "Select the second item now:";
+    c.recentField = "outputPromptSelection";
+    return c;
+  }
+  c.recentField = "none";
+  return c;
+}
+
+// Report matched items
+//
+// Conditions:
+// 1. Items were hidden (i.e., they matched)
+memory_Context cli_reportMatchedItems(
+  memory_Context c
+) {
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "hiddenItems"
+  ) {
+    c.outputMatchedItems = "Items matched!";
+    c.recentField = "outputMatchedItems";
+    return c;
+  }
+  c.recentField = "none";
+  return c;
+}
+
+// Report victory
+memory_Context cli_reportVictory(
+  memory_Context c
+) {
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "victory"
+  ) {
+    c.outputVictory = "VICTORY! The game is over now";
+    c.recentField = "outputVictory";
+    return c;
+  }
+  c.recentField = "none";
+  return c;
+}
+
+// Select item
+//
+// Conditions:
+// 1. Id is digit
+memory_Context cli_selectItem(
+  memory_Context c
+) {
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "input" &&
+    llm_isDigit(c.input)
+  ) {
+    // CLI ids start with 1 while memory module has ids starting with 0
+    // Convert CLI id to memory id
+    c.selectedId = llm_strToInt(c.input) - 1;
+    c.recentField = "selectedId";
+    return c;
+  }
+  c.recentField = "none";
+  return c;
+}
+
+// Show help (aka commands)
+//
+// Conditions:
+// 1. Just launched
+// 1. `h` or `help` was entered
+memory_Context cli_showHelp(
+  memory_Context c
+) {
+  if (
+    (
+      c.recentField == "didLaunch" &&
+      c.didLaunch == true
+    ) ||
+    (
+      c.recentField == "input" &&
+      c.input == "h"
+    ) ||
+    (
+      c.recentField == "input" &&
+      c.input == "help"
+    )
+  ) {
+    c.outputHelp = "Commands:\n\te, exit, q, quit\n\t\tExit\n\th, help\n\t\tList commands\n\t1, 2, 3, ...\n\t\tSelect item\nEnter your choice:";
+    c.recentField = "outputHelp";
+    return c;
+  }
+  c.recentField = "none";
+  return c;
+}
+
+// Report mismatched items
+memory_Context cli_reportMismatchedItems(
+  memory_Context c
+) {
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "mismatchedItems"
+  ) {
+    c.outputMismatchedItems = "Wrong! Try again:";
+    c.recentField = "outputMismatchedItems";
+    return c;
+  }
+  c.recentField = "none";
+  return c;
+}
+
+//// Report selection of invalid item ids
+////
+//// Conditions:
+//// 1. Index out of bounds: less than minimum
+//// 2. Index out of bounds: greater than maximum
+//// 3. Item is already hidden
+////@llm_by_value
+////def cli_shouldReportInvalidItemSelection(
+////  c: cli_Context
+////) -> cli_Context:
+////  if (
+////    c.recentField == "cMemory" and
+////    c.cMemory.recentField == "selectedItems" and
+////    len(c.cMemory.selectedItems) == 1
+////  ):
+////    c.outputPromptSelection = "Select the second item now:"
+////    c.recentField = "outputPromptSelection"
+////    return c
+////  //}
+////  c.recentField = "none"
+////  return c
+//////}
+
--- a/v5/cli.py
+++ b/v5/cli.py
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+from memory_Context import *
+from llm import *
+
+# Exit
+#
+# Conditions:
+# 1. `e`, `exit`, `q`, or `quit` was entered
+# 2. Victory has just been reported
+@llm_by_value
+def cli_exit(
+  c: memory_Context
+) -> memory_Context:
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "input" and
+    (
+      c.input == "e" or
+      c.input == "exit" or
+      c.input == "q" or
+      c.input == "quit"
+    )
+  ):
+    c.exit = True
+    c.recentField = "exit"
+    return c
+  #}
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputVictory"
+  ):
+    c.exit = True
+    c.recentField = "exit"
+    return c
+  #}
+  c.recentField = "none"
+  return c
+#}
+
+# Ask user to go on
+#
+# Conditions:
+# 1. Items have just matched and there are still items left to select
+@llm_by_value
+def cli_goOn(
+  c: memory_Context
+) -> memory_Context:
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputMatchedItems" and
+    len(c.hiddenItems) != len(c.playfieldItems)
+  ):
+    c.outputGoOn = "Go on:"
+    c.recentField = "outputGoOn"
+    return c
+  #}
+  c.recentField = "none"
+  return c
+#}
+
+# Greet the user
+#
+# Conditions:
+# 1. Just launched
+@llm_by_value
+def cli_greetUser(
+  c: memory_Context
+) -> memory_Context:
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "didLaunch" and
+    c.didLaunch == True
+  ):
+    c.outputGreeting = "OGS Memory Command Line Interface"
+    c.recentField = "outputGreeting"
+    return c
+  #}
+  c.recentField = "none"
+  return c
+#}
+
+# Ask user to select second item to have a pair of selected items
+#
+# Conditions:
+# 1. Single item has just been selected
+@llm_by_value
+def cli_promptSecondItemSelection(
+  c: memory_Context
+) -> memory_Context:
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "selectedItems" and
+    len(c.selectedItems) == 1
+  ):
+    c.outputPromptSelection = "Select the second item now:"
+    c.recentField = "outputPromptSelection"
+    return c
+  #}
+  c.recentField = "none"
+  return c
+#}
+
+# Report matched items
+#
+# Conditions:
+# 1. Items were hidden (i.e., they matched)
+@llm_by_value
+def cli_reportMatchedItems(
+  c: memory_Context
+) -> memory_Context:
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "hiddenItems"
+  ):
+    c.outputMatchedItems = "Items matched!"
+    c.recentField = "outputMatchedItems"
+    return c
+  #}
+  c.recentField = "none"
+  return c
+#}
+
+# Report victory
+@llm_by_value
+def cli_reportVictory(
+  c: memory_Context
+) -> memory_Context:
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "victory"
+  ):
+    c.outputVictory = "VICTORY! The game is over now"
+    c.recentField = "outputVictory"
+    return c
+  #}
+  c.recentField = "none"
+  return c
+#}
+
+# Select item
+#
+# Conditions:
+# 1. Id is digit
+@llm_by_value
+def cli_selectItem(
+  c: memory_Context
+) -> memory_Context:
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "input" and
+    llm_isDigit(c.input)
+  ):
+    # CLI ids start with 1 while memory module has ids starting with 0
+    # Convert CLI id to memory id
+    c.selectedId = llm_strToInt(c.input) - 1
+    c.recentField = "selectedId"
+    return c
+  #}
+  c.recentField = "none"
+  return c
+#}
+
+# Show help (aka commands)
+#
+# Conditions:
+# 1. Just launched
+# 1. `h` or `help` was entered
+@llm_by_value
+def cli_showHelp(
+  c: memory_Context
+) -> memory_Context:
+  if (
+    (
+      c.recentField == "didLaunch" and
+      c.didLaunch == True
+    ) or
+    (
+      c.recentField == "input" and
+      c.input == "h"
+    ) or
+    (
+      c.recentField == "input" and
+      c.input == "help"
+    )
+  ):
+    c.outputHelp = "Commands:\n\te, exit, q, quit\n\t\tExit\n\th, help\n\t\tList commands\n\t1, 2, 3, ...\n\t\tSelect item\nEnter your choice:"
+    c.recentField = "outputHelp"
+    return c
+  #}
+  c.recentField = "none"
+  return c
+#}
+
+# Report mismatched items
+@llm_by_value
+def cli_reportMismatchedItems(
+  c: memory_Context
+) -> memory_Context:
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "mismatchedItems"
+  ):
+    c.outputMismatchedItems = "Wrong! Try again:"
+    c.recentField = "outputMismatchedItems"
+    return c
+  #}
+  c.recentField = "none"
+  return c
+#}
+
+## Report selection of invalid item ids
+##
+## Conditions:
+## 1. Index out of bounds: less than minimum
+## 2. Index out of bounds: greater than maximum
+## 3. Item is already hidden
+##@llm_by_value
+##def cli_shouldReportInvalidItemSelection(
+##  c: cli_Context
+##) -> cli_Context:
+##  if (
+##    c.recentField == "cMemory" and
+##    c.cMemory.recentField == "selectedItems" and
+##    len(c.cMemory.selectedItems) == 1
+##  ):
+##    c.outputPromptSelection = "Select the second item now:"
+##    c.recentField = "outputPromptSelection"
+##    return c
+##  #}
+##  c.recentField = "none"
+##  return c
+###}
--- a/v5/cli_test.cpp
+++ b/v5/cli_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include "ctx.h"
+#include "llm.h"
+#include "memory_Context.h"
+#include "main.h"
+
+std::string cli_test_exit_e(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.input = "e";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_exit(c);
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "exit"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: cli_exit_e";
+  }
+  return "ERR: cli_exit_e";
+}
+
+std::string cli_test_exit_exit(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.input = "exit";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_exit(c);
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "exit"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: cli_exit_exit";
+  }
+  return "ERR: cli_exit_e";
+}
+
+
+
+
+std::string cli_test_exit_victory(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.playfieldSize = 2;
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize";
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c);
+  // Match the first pair of tiles.
+  c.input = "1";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c.input = "2";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c);
+  // Match the second pair of tiles.
+  c.input = "3";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c.input = "4";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c);
+  c = memory_detectVictory(c);
+  c = cli_reportVictory(c);
+  c = cli_exit(c);
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "exit"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: cli_exit_victory";
+  }
+  return "ERR: cli_exit_victory";
+}
+
+std::string cli_test_exit_q(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.input = "q";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_exit(c);
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "exit"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: cli_exit_q";
+  }
+  return "ERR: cli_exit_q";
+}
+
+std::string cli_test_exit_quit(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.input = "quit";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_exit(c);
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "exit"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: cli_exit_quit";
+  }
+  return "ERR: cli_exit_quit";
+}
+
+
+
+std::string cli_test_goOn(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.playfieldSize = 2;
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize";
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c);
+  // Match the first pair of items.
+  c.input = "1";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c.input = "2";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c);
+  c = cli_reportMatchedItems(c);
+  c = cli_goOn(c);
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputGoOn"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: cli_goOn";
+  }
+  return "ERR: cli_goOn";
+}
+
+std::string cli_test_greetUser(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.didLaunch = true;
+  c.recentField = "didLaunch";
+  c = cli_greetUser(c);
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputGreeting"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: cli_greetUser";
+  }
+  return "ERR: cli_greetUser";
+}
+
+std::string cli_test_promptSecondItemSelection(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.input = "1";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c = cli_promptSecondItemSelection(c);
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputPromptSelection"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: cli_promptSecondItemSelection";
+  }
+  return "ERR: cli_promptSecondItemSelection";
+}
+
+std::string cli_test_reportMatchedItems(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.playfieldSize = 2;
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize";
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c);
+  c.input = "1";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c.input = "2";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c);
+  c = cli_reportMatchedItems(c);
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputMatchedItems"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: cli_reportMatchedItems";
+  }
+  return "ERR: cli_reportMatchedItems";
+}
+
+std::string cli_test_reportMismatchedItems(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.playfieldSize = 2;
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize";
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c);
+  c.input = "1";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c.input = "3";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_detectMismatchedItems(c);
+  c = cli_reportMismatchedItems(c);
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputMismatchedItems"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: cli_reportMismatchedItems";
+  }
+  return "ERR: cli_reportMismatchedItems";
+}
+
+std::string cli_test_selectItem(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.input = "1";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_selectItem(c);
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "selectedId" &&
+    c.selectedId == 0
+  ) {
+    return "OK: cli_selectItem";
+  }
+  return "ERR: cli_selectItem";
+}
+
+std::string cli_test_showHelp_h(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.input = "h";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_showHelp(c);
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputHelp"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: cli_showHelp_h";
+  }
+  return "ERR: cli_showHelp_h";
+}
+
+std::string cli_test_showHelp_help(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.input = "help";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_showHelp(c);
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputHelp"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: cli_showHelp_help";
+  }
+  return "ERR: cli_showHelp_help";
+}
+
+
+
+
+std::string cli_test_reportVictory(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.playfieldSize = 2;
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize";
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c);
+  // Match the first pair of tiles.
+  c.input = "1";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c.input = "2";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c);
+  // Match the second pair of tiles.
+  c.input = "3";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c.input = "4";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  c = cli_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c);
+  c = memory_detectVictory(c);
+  c = cli_reportVictory(c);
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputVictory"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: cli_reportVictory";
+  }
+  return "ERR: cli_reportVictory";
+}
+
+//def cli_test_shouldReportIvalidItemSelection_outOfBoundsMin(
+//) -> str:
+//  c = cli_createContext()
+//  c.cMemory = memory_createContext()
+//  c.input = "0"
+//  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+//  c = cli_shouldReportInvalidItemSelection(c)
+//  if (
+//    c.recentField == "outputInvalidItemSelection"
+//  ):
+//    return "OK: cli_shouldReportInvalidItemSelection"
+//  //}
+//  return "ERR: cli_shouldReportInvalidItemSelection"
+////}
+//
+
--- a/v5/cli_test.py
+++ b/v5/cli_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
+from cli import *
+from memory import *
+from memory_Context import *
+
+def cli_test_exit_e(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.input = "e"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_exit(c)
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "exit"
+  ):
+    return "OK: cli_exit_e"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: cli_exit_e"
+#}
+
+def cli_test_exit_exit(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.input = "exit"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_exit(c)
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "exit"
+  ):
+    return "OK: cli_exit_exit"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: cli_exit_e"
+#}
+
+def cli_test_exit_victory(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.playfieldSize = 2
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize"
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c)
+
+  # Match the first pair of tiles.
+  c.input = "1"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c.input = "2"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c)
+
+  # Match the second pair of tiles.
+  c.input = "3"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c.input = "4"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c)
+  c = memory_detectVictory(c)
+  c = cli_reportVictory(c)
+  c = cli_exit(c)
+
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "exit"
+  ):
+    return "OK: cli_exit_victory"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: cli_exit_victory"
+#}
+
+def cli_test_exit_q(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.input = "q"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_exit(c)
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "exit"
+  ):
+    return "OK: cli_exit_q"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: cli_exit_q"
+#}
+
+def cli_test_exit_quit(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.input = "quit"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_exit(c)
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "exit"
+  ):
+    return "OK: cli_exit_quit"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: cli_exit_quit"
+#}
+
+def cli_test_goOn(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.playfieldSize = 2
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize"
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c)
+
+  # Match the first pair of items.
+  c.input = "1"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c.input = "2"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c)
+  c = cli_reportMatchedItems(c)
+
+  c = cli_goOn(c)
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputGoOn"
+  ):
+    return "OK: cli_goOn"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: cli_goOn"
+#}
+
+def cli_test_greetUser(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.didLaunch = True
+  c.recentField = "didLaunch"
+  c = cli_greetUser(c)
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputGreeting"
+  ):
+    return "OK: cli_greetUser"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: cli_greetUser"
+#}
+
+def cli_test_promptSecondItemSelection(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.input = "1"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c = cli_promptSecondItemSelection(c)
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputPromptSelection"
+  ):
+    return "OK: cli_promptSecondItemSelection"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: cli_promptSecondItemSelection"
+#}
+
+def cli_test_reportMatchedItems(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.playfieldSize = 2
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize"
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c)
+  c.input = "1"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c.input = "2"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c)
+  c = cli_reportMatchedItems(c)
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputMatchedItems"
+  ):
+    return "OK: cli_reportMatchedItems"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: cli_reportMatchedItems"
+#}
+
+def cli_test_reportMismatchedItems(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.playfieldSize = 2
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize"
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c)
+  c.input = "1"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c.input = "3"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_detectMismatchedItems(c)
+  c = cli_reportMismatchedItems(c)
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputMismatchedItems"
+  ):
+    return "OK: cli_reportMismatchedItems"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: cli_reportMismatchedItems"
+#}
+
+def cli_test_selectItem(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.input = "1"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "selectedId" and
+    c.selectedId == 0
+  ):
+    return "OK: cli_selectItem"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: cli_selectItem"
+#}
+
+def cli_test_showHelp_h(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.input = "h"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_showHelp(c)
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputHelp"
+  ):
+    return "OK: cli_showHelp_h"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: cli_showHelp_h"
+#}
+
+def cli_test_showHelp_help(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.input = "help"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_showHelp(c)
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputHelp"
+  ):
+    return "OK: cli_showHelp_help"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: cli_showHelp_help"
+#}
+
+def cli_test_reportVictory(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.playfieldSize = 2
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize"
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c)
+
+  # Match the first pair of tiles.
+  c.input = "1"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c.input = "2"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c)
+
+  # Match the second pair of tiles.
+  c.input = "3"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c.input = "4"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c)
+  c = memory_detectVictory(c)
+  c = cli_reportVictory(c)
+
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "outputVictory"
+  ):
+    return "OK: cli_reportVictory"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: cli_reportVictory"
+#}
+
+#def cli_test_shouldReportIvalidItemSelection_outOfBoundsMin(
+#) -> str:
+#  c = cli_createContext()
+#  c.cMemory = memory_createContext()
+#  c.input = "0"
+#  c = cli_selectItem(c)
+#  c = cli_shouldReportInvalidItemSelection(c)
+#  if (
+#    c.recentField == "outputInvalidItemSelection"
+#  ):
+#    return "OK: cli_shouldReportInvalidItemSelection"
+#  #}
+#  return "ERR: cli_shouldReportInvalidItemSelection"
+##}
+#
--- a/v5/cpp.includes
+++ b/v5/cpp.includes
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#// file unused
+#include "memory.h"
+#include "memory_Context.h"
--- a/v5/ctx.h
+++ b/v5/ctx.h
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#include <list>
+#include <queue>
+#include <string>
+
+#ifndef ctx_HEADER
+#define ctx_HEADER
+
+template <class T> class ctx_Controller {
+  std::list<std::function<void(T)> > callbacks;
+  std::list<std::function<T(T)> > functions;
+  std::queue<T> queue;
+
+  public:
+    T context;
+    bool isProcessingQueue = false;
+
+    ctx_Controller(const T &c) {
+      context = c;
+    }
+
+    void executeFunctions() {
+      auto c = queue.front();
+      queue.pop();
+      for (const auto &f : functions) {
+        auto ctx = f(c);
+        if (ctx.recentField != "none") {
+          queue.push(ctx);
+        }
+      }
+
+      context.recentField = c.recentField;
+      context.setField(c.recentField, c.field(c.recentField));
+      reportContext();
+    }
+
+    void processQueue() {
+      // Decline recursion.
+      if (isProcessingQueue) {
+        return;
+      }
+      isProcessingQueue = true;
+      while (!queue.empty()) {
+        executeFunctions();
+      }
+      isProcessingQueue = false;
+    }
+
+    void registerCallback(std::function<void(T)> cb) {
+      callbacks.push_back(cb);
+    }
+
+    void registerFieldCallback(
+      const std::string &fieldName,
+      std::function<void(T)> cb
+    ) {
+      auto execCB = [fieldName, cb](T c) {
+        if (c.recentField == fieldName) {
+          cb(c);
+        }
+      };
+      callbacks.push_back(execCB);
+    }
+
+    void registerFunction(std::function<T(T)> f) {
+      functions.push_back(f);
+    }
+
+    void registerFunctions(std::list<std::function<T(T)> > funcs) {
+      for (const auto &f : funcs) {
+        functions.push_back(f);
+      }
+    }
+
+    void reportContext() {
+      for (const auto &cb : callbacks) {
+        cb(context);
+      }
+    }
+
+    template <typename U> void set(
+      const std::string &fieldName,
+      const U &value
+    ) {
+      auto c = context;
+      c.setField(fieldName, value);
+      c.recentField = fieldName;
+      queue.push(c);
+      processQueue();
+    }
+};
+
+#endif // ctx_HEADER
--- a/v5/ctx.py
+++ b/v5/ctx.py
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import copy
+
+class ctx_Controller:
+  def __init__(self, c):
+    self.callbacks = []
+    self.context = c
+    self.functions = []
+    self.isProcessingQueue = False
+    self.queue = []
+  
+  def executeFunctions(self):
+    c = self.queue.pop(0)
+    for f in self.functions:
+      ctx = f(c)
+      if ctx.recentField != "none":
+        self.queue.append(ctx)
+
+    self.context.recentField = c.recentField
+    self.context.setField(c.recentField, c.field(c.recentField))
+    self.reportContext()
+
+  def processQueue(self):
+    # Decline recursion.
+    if self.isProcessingQueue:
+      return
+    self.isProcessingQueue = True
+    while len(self.queue) > 0:
+      self.executeFunctions()
+    self.isProcessingQueue = False
+
+  def registerCallback(self, cb):
+    self.callbacks.append(cb)
+
+  def registerFieldCallback(self, fieldName, cb):
+    self.callbacks.append(lambda c: cb(c) if c.recentField == fieldName else None)
+
+  def registerFunction(self, f):
+    self.functions.append(f)
+
+  def registerFunctions(self, funcs):
+    for f in funcs:
+      self.functions.append(f)
+
+  def reportContext(self):
+    for cb in self.callbacks:
+      cb(self.context)
+
+  def set(self, fieldName, value):
+    c = copy.deepcopy(self.context)
+    c.setField(fieldName, value)
+    c.recentField = fieldName
+    self.queue.append(c)
+    self.processQueue()
--- a/v5/ctx_test2.cpp
+++ b/v5/ctx_test2.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+#include <string>
+#include "any.h"
+#include "ctx.h"
+#include "memory_Context.h"
+
+std::string s(const char *str) {
+  return std::string(str);
+}
+
+std::string test_ctx_Controller_executeFunctions_registerFunction_set() {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  ctx_Controller<memory_Context> ctrl(c);
+  // Disable automatic invocation of executeFunctions.
+  ctrl.isProcessingQueue = true;
+  ctrl.set("input", s("123"));
+
+  auto processInput = [](memory_Context c) -> memory_Context {
+    if (c.recentField == "input") {
+      c.outputHelp = "Checked";
+      c.recentField = "outputHelp";
+      return c;
+    }
+    c.recentField = "none";
+    return c;
+  };
+
+  ctrl.registerFunction(processInput);
+  // Apply 'input'.
+  ctrl.executeFunctions();
+  // Apply 'outputHelp'.
+  ctrl.executeFunctions();
+  if (
+    ctrl.context.input == "123" &&
+    ctrl.context.outputHelp == "Checked"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: ctx_Controller_executeFunctions_set";
+  }
+  return "ERR: ctx_Controller_executeFunctions_set";
+}
+
+std::string test_ctx_Controller_processQueue() {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  ctx_Controller<memory_Context> ctrl(c);
+
+  auto processInput = [](memory_Context c) -> memory_Context {
+    if (c.recentField == "input") {
+      c.outputHelp = "Checked";
+      c.recentField = "outputHelp";
+      return c;
+    }
+    c.recentField = "none";
+    return c;
+  };
+
+  ctrl.registerFunction(processInput);
+  ctrl.set("input", s("abc"));
+  if (
+    ctrl.context.input == "abc" &&
+    ctrl.context.outputHelp == "Checked"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: ctx_Controller_processQueue";
+  }
+  return "ERR: ctx_Controller_processQueue";
+}
+
+std::string test_ctx_Controller_registerFieldCallback_match() {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  ctx_Controller<memory_Context> ctrl(c);
+
+  c.input = "123";
+  c.recentField = "input";
+  std::string callbackInput = "";
+
+  auto setCallbackInput = [&callbackInput](memory_Context c) {
+    if (
+      c.recentField == "input"
+    ) {
+      callbackInput = c.input;
+    }
+  };
+
+  ctrl.registerFieldCallback("input", setCallbackInput);
+  ctrl.reportContext();
+  if (
+    ctrl.context.input == callbackInput
+  ) {
+    return "OK: ctx_Controller_registerFieldCallback_match";
+  }
+  return "ERR: ctx_Controller_registerFieldCallback_match";
+}
+
+std::string test_ctx_Controller_registerFieldCallback_mismatch() {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  ctx_Controller<memory_Context> ctrl(c);
+
+  c.input = "123";
+  c.outputHelp = "you";
+  // A field other than 'input' is marked recent.
+  c.recentField = "outputHelp";
+  std::string callbackInput = "";
+
+  auto setCallbackInput = [&callbackInput](memory_Context c) {
+    if (
+      c.recentField == "input"
+    ) {
+      callbackInput = c.input;
+    }
+  };
+
+  ctrl.registerFieldCallback("input", setCallbackInput);
+  ctrl.reportContext();
+  if (
+    callbackInput == ""
+  ) {
+    return "OK: ctx_Controller_registerFieldCallback_mismatch";
+  }
+  return "ERR: ctx_Controller_registerFieldCallback_mismatch";
+}
+
+std::string test_memory_Context_field() {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.input = "abc";
+  if (
+    libany::any_cast<std::string>(c.field("input")) == "abc"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: memory_Context_field";
+  }
+  return "ERR: memory_Context_field";
+}
+
+std::string test_memory_Context_setField() {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.input = "abc";
+  c.setField("input", s("123"));
+  if (
+    c.input == "123"
+  ) {
+    return "OK: memory_Context_setField";
+  }
+  return "ERR: memory_Context_setField";
+}
--- a/v5/ctx_test2.h
+++ b/v5/ctx_test2.h
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#include <string>
+
+#ifndef ctx_test_HEADER
+#define ctx_test_HEADER
+
+std::string test_ctx_Controller_executeFunctions_registerFunction_set();
+std::string test_ctx_Controller_processQueue();
+std::string test_ctx_Controller_registerFieldCallback_match();
+std::string test_ctx_Controller_registerFieldCallback_mismatch();
+std::string test_memory_Context_field();
+std::string test_memory_Context_setField();
+
+#endif // ctx_test_HEADER
--- a/v5/ctx_test2.py
+++ b/v5/ctx_test2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+from ctx import *
+from memory import *
+from memory_Context import *
+
+def ctx_test_Controller_executeFunctions_registerFunction_set(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  ctrl = ctx_Controller(c)
+  # Disable automatic invocation of executeFunctions.
+  ctrl.isProcessingQueue = True
+  ctrl.set("input", "123")
+
+  @llm_by_value
+  def processInput(c):
+    if (
+      c.recentField == "input"
+    ):
+      c.outputHelp = "Checked"
+      c.recentField = "outputHelp"
+      return c
+    #}
+    c.recentField = "none"
+    return c
+  #}
+
+  ctrl.registerFunction(processInput)
+  # Apply 'input'.
+  ctrl.executeFunctions()
+  # Apply 'outputHelp'.
+  ctrl.executeFunctions()
+  if (
+    c.input == "123" and
+    c.outputHelp == "Checked"
+  ):
+    return "OK: ctx_Controller_executeFunctions_set"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: ctx_Controller_executeFunctions_set"
+#}
+
+def ctx_test_Controller_processQueue(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  ctrl = ctx_Controller(c)
+
+  @llm_by_value
+  def processInput(c):
+    if (
+      c.recentField == "input"
+    ):
+      c.outputHelp = "Checked"
+      c.recentField = "outputHelp"
+      return c
+    #}
+    c.recentField = "none"
+    return c
+  #}
+
+  ctrl.registerFunction(processInput)
+  ctrl.set("input", "abc");
+  if (
+    c.input == "abc" and
+    c.outputHelp == "Checked"
+  ):
+    return "OK: ctx_Controller_processQueue"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: ctx_Controller_processQueue"
+#}
+
+def ctx_test_Controller_registerFieldCallback_match(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  ctrl = ctx_Controller(c)
+  c.input = "123"
+  c.recentField = "input"
+  
+  globals()["callbackInput"] = ""
+  def setCallbackInput(c):
+    if (
+      c.recentField == "input"
+    ):
+      globals()["callbackInput"] = c.input
+
+  ctrl.registerFieldCallback("input", setCallbackInput)
+  ctrl.reportContext()
+  if (
+    c.input == globals()["callbackInput"]
+  ):
+    return "OK: ctx_Controller_registerFieldCallback_match"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: ctx_Controller_registerFieldCallback_match"
+#}
+
+def ctx_test_Controller_registerFieldCallback_mismatch(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  ctrl = ctx_Controller(c)
+  c.input = "123"
+  c.outputHelp = "you"
+  # A field other than 'input' is marked recent.
+  c.recentField = "outputHelp"
+
+  globals()["callbackInput"] = ""
+  def setCallbackInput(c):
+    if (
+      c.recentField == "input"
+    ):
+      globals()["callbackInput"] = c.input
+
+  ctrl.registerFieldCallback("input", setCallbackInput)
+  ctrl.reportContext()
+  if (
+    globals()["callbackInput"] == ""
+  ):
+    return "OK: ctx_Controller_registerFieldCallback_mismatch"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: ctx_Controller_registerFieldCallback_mismatch"
+#}
+
+def ctx_test_memoryContext_field(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.input = "abc"
+  if (
+    c.field("input") == "abc"
+  ):
+    return "OK: ctx_memoryContext_field"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: ctx_memoryContext_field"
+#}
+
+def ctx_test_memoryContext_setField(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.input = "abc"
+  c.setField("input", "123")
+  if (
+    c.input == "123"
+  ):
+    return "OK: ctx_memoryContext_setField"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: ctx_memoryContext_setField"
+#}
--- a/v5/cxx-headers
+++ b/v5/cxx-headers
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+DIR=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" ; pwd -P)
+TMP=/tmp/cxx-headers.tmp
+
+grep '^memory_Context ' memory.cpp > $TMP
+grep '^std::string ' memory_test.cpp >> $TMP
+grep '^memory_Context ' cli.cpp >> $TMP
+grep '^std::string ' cli_test.cpp >> $TMP
+grep '^std::string ' ctx_test.cpp >> $TMP
+grep '^std::string ' llm_test.cpp >> $TMP
+
+IN=$TMP
+OUT=$DIR/main.h
+
+echo '
+#include "memory_Context.h"
+
+#ifndef main_HEADER
+#define main_HEADER
+' > $OUT
+
+sed -Ef cxx-headers.sed <$IN >>$OUT
+
+echo '
+#endif // main_HEADER
+' >> $OUT
--- a/v5/cxx-headers.sed
+++ b/v5/cxx-headers.sed
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# #} -> }
+#s|#}|}|
+
+# # -> //
+#s|#|//|
+
+# dict[X, Y] -> std::map<X, Y>
+#s_dict\[(.*), (.*)\]_std::map<\1, \2>_
+
+# def functionName(X) -> Y -> Y functionName(X) {
+#s|def (.*) -> (.*):|\2 \1 {|
+
+s|memory_Context (.*)\(|memory_Context \1(memory_Context);|
+s|std::string (.*)\(|std::string \1();|
+
--- a/v5/gen-C++
+++ b/v5/gen-C++
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+c++ -o test_memory_C++ -std=c++11 -I. \
+  memory.cpp \
+  memory_Context.cpp \
+  memory_test.cpp \
+  llm.cpp \
+  llm_test.cpp \
+  cli.cpp \
+  cli_test.cpp \
+  ctx_test2.cpp \
+  main.cpp
--- a/v5/gen-Python
+++ b/v5/gen-Python
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+echo "python3 main.py" > test_memory_Python
+chmod +x test_memory_Python
--- a/v5/llm.cpp
+++ b/v5/llm.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#include "llm.h"
+
+bool llm_isDigit(const std::string &str) {
+  return
+    !str.empty() &&
+    str.find_first_not_of("0123456789") == std::string::npos;
+}
+
+bool llm_startsWith(
+  const std::string &str,
+  const std::string &prefix
+) {
+  // https://stackoverflow.com/a/40441240
+  return str.rfind(prefix, 0) == 0;
+}
+
+int llm_strToInt(const std::string &str) {
+  return std::stoi(str);
+}
--- a/v5/llm.h
+++ b/v5/llm.h
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#ifndef llm_HEADER
+#define llm_HEADER
+
+#include <string>
+
+bool llm_isDigit(const std::string &str);
+bool llm_startsWith(const std::string &str, const std::string &prefix);
+int llm_strToInt(const std::string &str);
+
+#endif // llm_HEADER
--- a/v5/llm.py
+++ b/v5/llm.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import copy
+
+# Make deep copies of arguments to treat the arguments as structs.
+# https://stackoverflow.com/a/15398021
+def llm_by_value(f):
+  def _f(*args, **kwargs):
+      argsCopy = copy.deepcopy(args)
+      kwargsCopy = copy.deepcopy(kwargs)
+      return f(*argsCopy, **kwargsCopy)
+  return _f
+
+# Tell if string is a digit
+def llm_isDigit(s):
+  return s.isdigit()
+
+# Tell if string starts with certain prefix.
+def llm_startsWith(s, prefix):
+  return s.startswith(prefix)
+
+# Convert string to integer
+def llm_strToInt(s):
+  return int(s)
--- a/v5/llm_test.cpp
+++ b/v5/llm_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include "ctx.h"
+#include "llm.h"
+#include "memory_Context.h"
+#include "main.h"
+
+std::string llm_test_isDigit_digit(
+) {
+  if (
+    llm_isDigit("123")
+  ) {
+    return "OK: llm_isDigit_digit";
+  }
+  return "ERR: llm_isDigit_digit";
+}
+
+std::string llm_test_isDigit_notDigit(
+) {
+  if (
+    llm_isDigit("abc")
+  ) {
+    return "ERR: llm_isDigit_notDigit";
+  }
+  return "OK: llm_isDigit_notDigit";
+}
+
+std::string llm_test_strToInt(
+) {
+  if (
+    llm_strToInt("123") == 123
+  ) {
+    return "OK: llm_strToInt";
+  }
+  return "ERR: llm_strToInt";
+}
+
--- a/v5/llm_test.py
+++ b/v5/llm_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+from llm import *
+
+def llm_test_isDigit_digit(
+) -> str:
+  if (
+    llm_isDigit("123")
+  ):
+    return "OK: llm_isDigit_digit"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: llm_isDigit_digit"
+#}
+
+def llm_test_isDigit_notDigit(
+) -> str:
+  if (
+    llm_isDigit("abc")
+  ):
+    return "ERR: llm_isDigit_notDigit"
+  #}
+  return "OK: llm_isDigit_notDigit"
+#}
+
+def llm_test_strToInt(
+) -> str:
+  if (
+    llm_strToInt("123") == 123
+  ):
+    return "OK: llm_strToInt"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: llm_strToInt"
+#}
--- a/v5/llm_test_Python.py
+++ b/v5/llm_test_Python.py
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+from llm import *
+from memory_Context import *
+
+def llm_test_Python_copyByValue(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.input = "abc"
+
+  @llm_by_value
+  def alterValue(c):
+    c.input = "alteredValue"
+
+  alterValue(c)
+
+  if (
+    c.input == "abc"
+  ):
+    return "OK: llm_Python_copyByValue"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: llm_Python_copyByValue"
+#}
--- a/v5/main.cpp
+++ b/v5/main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include "any.h"
+#include "ctx_test2.h"
+#include "llm.h"
+#include "main.h"
+#include "memory_Context.h"
+
+int main() {
+  std::cout
+    << test_ctx_Controller_executeFunctions_registerFunction_set()
+    << std::endl
+    << test_ctx_Controller_processQueue()
+    << std::endl
+    << test_ctx_Controller_registerFieldCallback_match()
+    << std::endl
+    << test_ctx_Controller_registerFieldCallback_mismatch()
+    << std::endl
+    << test_memory_Context_field()
+    << std::endl
+    << test_memory_Context_setField()
+    << std::endl
+    << llm_test_isDigit_digit()
+    << std::endl
+    << llm_test_isDigit_notDigit()
+    << std::endl
+    << llm_test_strToInt()
+    << std::endl
+    ;
+
+  std::cout
+    << memory_test_detectMismatchedItems()
+    << std::endl
+    << memory_test_detectMismatchedItems_itemTwice()
+    << std::endl
+    << memory_test_detectVictory()
+    << std::endl
+    << memory_test_generateConstPlayfield()
+    << std::endl
+    << memory_test_hideMatchingItems()
+    << std::endl
+    << memory_test_selectItem_1x()
+    << std::endl
+    << memory_test_selectItem_2x()
+    << std::endl
+    << memory_test_selectItem_3x()
+    << std::endl
+    ;
+
+  std::cout
+    << cli_test_exit_e()
+    << std::endl
+    << cli_test_exit_exit()
+    << std::endl
+    << cli_test_exit_victory()
+    << std::endl
+    << cli_test_exit_q()
+    << std::endl
+    << cli_test_exit_quit()
+    << std::endl
+    << cli_test_goOn()
+    << std::endl
+    << cli_test_greetUser()
+    << std::endl
+    << cli_test_showHelp_h()
+    << std::endl
+    << cli_test_showHelp_help()
+    << std::endl
+    << cli_test_selectItem()
+    << std::endl
+    << cli_test_promptSecondItemSelection()
+    << std::endl
+    << cli_test_reportMatchedItems()
+    << std::endl
+    << cli_test_reportMismatchedItems()
+    << std::endl
+    << cli_test_reportVictory()
+    << std::endl
+    ;
+
+  ctx_Controller<memory_Context> ctrl(memory_createContext());
+  ctrl.registerFunctions({
+    cli_exit,
+    cli_goOn,
+    cli_greetUser,
+    cli_promptSecondItemSelection,
+    cli_reportMatchedItems,
+    cli_reportMismatchedItems,
+    cli_reportVictory,
+    cli_selectItem,
+    cli_showHelp,
+    memory_detectMismatchedItems,
+    memory_detectVictory,
+    memory_generateConstPlayfield,
+    memory_hideMatchingItems,
+    memory_selectItem,
+  });
+
+
+  auto printOutput = [](memory_Context c) {
+    if (llm_startsWith(c.recentField, "output")) {
+      std::cout
+        << libany::any_cast<std::string>(c.field(c.recentField))
+        << std::endl;
+    }
+  };
+  ctrl.registerCallback(printOutput);
+  ctrl.registerFieldCallback("exit", [](memory_Context c) { exit(0); });
+
+  ctrl.set("didLaunch", true);
+  ctrl.set("playfieldSize", 2);
+
+  while (true) {
+    std::string ln;
+    getline(std::cin, ln);
+    ctrl.set("input", ln);
+  }
+}
--- a/v5/main.h
+++ b/v5/main.h
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+
+#include "memory_Context.h"
+
+#ifndef main_HEADER
+#define main_HEADER
+
+memory_Context memory_detectMismatchedItems(memory_Context);
+memory_Context memory_detectVictory(memory_Context);
+memory_Context memory_generateConstPlayfield(memory_Context);
+memory_Context memory_hideMatchingItems(memory_Context);
+memory_Context memory_selectItem(memory_Context);
+std::string memory_test_detectMismatchedItems();
+std::string memory_test_detectMismatchedItems_itemTwice();
+std::string memory_test_detectVictory();
+std::string memory_test_generateConstPlayfield();
+std::string memory_test_hideMatchingItems();
+std::string memory_test_selectItem_1x();
+std::string memory_test_selectItem_2x();
+std::string memory_test_selectItem_3x();
+memory_Context cli_exit(memory_Context);
+memory_Context cli_goOn(memory_Context);
+memory_Context cli_greetUser(memory_Context);
+memory_Context cli_promptSecondItemSelection(memory_Context);
+memory_Context cli_reportMatchedItems(memory_Context);
+memory_Context cli_reportVictory(memory_Context);
+memory_Context cli_selectItem(memory_Context);
+memory_Context cli_showHelp(memory_Context);
+memory_Context cli_reportMismatchedItems(memory_Context);
+std::string cli_test_exit_e();
+std::string cli_test_exit_exit();
+std::string cli_test_exit_victory();
+std::string cli_test_exit_q();
+std::string cli_test_exit_quit();
+std::string cli_test_goOn();
+std::string cli_test_greetUser();
+std::string cli_test_promptSecondItemSelection();
+std::string cli_test_reportMatchedItems();
+std::string cli_test_reportMismatchedItems();
+std::string cli_test_selectItem();
+std::string cli_test_showHelp_h();
+std::string cli_test_showHelp_help();
+std::string cli_test_reportVictory();
+std::string ctx_test_Controller_executeFunctions_set();
+std::string ctx_test_Controller_processQueue();
+std::string ctx_test_memoryContext_field();
+std::string ctx_test_memoryContext_setField();
+std::string llm_test_isDigit_digit();
+std::string llm_test_isDigit_notDigit();
+std::string llm_test_strToInt();
+
+#endif // main_HEADER
+
--- a/v5/main.py
+++ b/v5/main.py
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+from cli import *
+from cli_test import *
+from ctx import *
+from ctx_test2 import *
+#from ctx_test import *
+#from ctx_test_Python import *
+from llm_test import *
+from llm_test_Python import *
+from memory_test import *
+import sys
+
+print(ctx_test_Controller_executeFunctions_registerFunction_set())
+print(ctx_test_Controller_processQueue())
+print(ctx_test_Controller_registerFieldCallback_match())
+print(ctx_test_Controller_registerFieldCallback_mismatch())
+print(ctx_test_memoryContext_field())
+print(ctx_test_memoryContext_setField())
+
+print(llm_test_Python_copyByValue())
+print(llm_test_isDigit_digit())
+print(llm_test_isDigit_notDigit())
+print(llm_test_strToInt())
+
+print(memory_test_detectMismatchedItems())
+print(memory_test_detectMismatchedItems_itemTwice())
+print(memory_test_detectVictory())
+print(memory_test_generateConstPlayfield())
+print(memory_test_hideMatchingItems())
+print(memory_test_selectItem_1x())
+print(memory_test_selectItem_2x())
+print(memory_test_selectItem_3x())
+
+print(cli_test_exit_e())
+print(cli_test_exit_exit())
+print(cli_test_exit_victory())
+print(cli_test_exit_q())
+print(cli_test_exit_quit())
+print(cli_test_goOn())
+print(cli_test_greetUser())
+print(cli_test_showHelp_h())
+print(cli_test_showHelp_help())
+print(cli_test_selectItem())
+print(cli_test_promptSecondItemSelection())
+print(cli_test_reportMatchedItems())
+print(cli_test_reportMismatchedItems())
+print(cli_test_reportVictory())
+
+ctrl = ctx_Controller(memory_createContext())
+ctrl.registerFunctions([
+  cli_exit,
+  cli_goOn,
+  cli_greetUser,
+  cli_promptSecondItemSelection,
+  cli_reportMatchedItems,
+  cli_reportMismatchedItems,
+  cli_reportVictory,
+  cli_selectItem,
+  cli_showHelp,
+  memory_detectMismatchedItems,
+  memory_detectVictory,
+  memory_generateConstPlayfield,
+  memory_hideMatchingItems,
+  memory_selectItem,
+])
+
+def printOutput(c):
+  if c.recentField.startswith("output"):
+    print(c.field(c.recentField))
+ctrl.registerCallback(printOutput)
+ctrl.registerFieldCallback("exit", lambda c: sys.exit(0))
+
+ctrl.set("didLaunch", True)
+ctrl.set("playfieldSize", 2)
+
+for line in sys.stdin:
+  ln = line.rstrip()
+  ctrl.set("input", ln)
--- a/v5/memory.cpp
+++ b/v5/memory.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include "ctx.h"
+#include "llm.h"
+#include "memory_Context.h"
+#include "main.h"
+
+// Detect mismatched items
+//
+// Conditions:
+// 0. Two items has just been selected
+// 1. The same item has been selected twice
+// 2. Selected items are of different groups
+memory_Context memory_detectMismatchedItems(
+  memory_Context c
+) {
+  if (!(
+    c.recentField == "selectedItems" &&
+    c.selectedItems.size() == 2
+  )) {
+    c.recentField = "none";
+    return c;
+  }
+  if (
+    c.selectedItems[0] == c.selectedItems[1]
+  ) {
+    c.mismatchedItems.clear();
+    c.mismatchedItems.push_back(c.selectedItems[0]);
+    c.recentField = "mismatchedItems";
+    return c;
+  }
+  if (
+    c.playfieldItems[c.selectedItems[0]] != c.playfieldItems[c.selectedItems[1]]
+  ) {
+    c.mismatchedItems.clear();
+    c.mismatchedItems.push_back(c.selectedItems[0]);
+    c.mismatchedItems.push_back(c.selectedItems[1]);
+    c.recentField = "mismatchedItems";
+    return c;
+  }
+  c.recentField = "none";
+  return c;
+}
+
+// Detect victory
+//
+// Conditions:
+// 1. Matching items have just been hidden and all items are hidden now
+memory_Context memory_detectVictory(
+  memory_Context c
+) {
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "hiddenItems" &&
+    c.hiddenItems.size() == c.playfieldItems.size()
+  ) {
+    c.victory = true;
+    c.recentField = "victory";
+    return c;
+  }
+  c.recentField = "none";
+  return c;
+}
+
+// Generate constant playfield
+//
+// Conditions:
+// 1. Size has just been specified
+//
+// Both ids and group ids start with 0
+
+memory_Context memory_generateConstPlayfield(
+  memory_Context c
+) {
+  if (!(
+    c.recentField == "playfieldSize"
+  )) {
+    c.recentField = "none";
+    return c;
+  }
+  std::map<int, int> idGroups = { };
+  auto id = 0;
+  for (auto gid = 0; gid < c.playfieldSize; ++gid) {
+    idGroups[id] = gid;
+    id += 1;
+    idGroups[id] = gid;
+    id += 1;
+  }
+  c.playfieldItems = idGroups;
+  c.recentField = "playfieldItems";
+  return c;
+}
+
+// Hide matching selected items
+//
+// Conditions:
+// 1. Two items are selected and they are of the same group
+memory_Context memory_hideMatchingItems(
+  memory_Context c
+) {
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "selectedItems" &&
+    c.selectedItems.size() == 2 &&
+    c.playfieldItems[c.selectedItems[0]] == c.playfieldItems[c.selectedItems[1]]
+  ) {
+    c.hiddenItems.push_back(c.selectedItems[0]);
+    c.hiddenItems.push_back(c.selectedItems[1]);
+    c.recentField = "hiddenItems";
+    return c;
+  }
+  c.recentField = "none";
+  return c;
+}
+
+// Select item
+//
+// Conditions:
+// 1. Id has just been specified for selection
+
+memory_Context memory_selectItem(
+  memory_Context c
+) {
+  if (!(
+    c.recentField == "selectedId"
+  )) {
+    c.recentField = "none";
+    return c;
+  }
+  if (
+    c.selectedItems.size() == 2
+  ) {
+    c.selectedItems.clear();
+  }
+  c.selectedItems.push_back(c.selectedId);
+  c.recentField = "selectedItems";
+  return c;
+}
+
+
--- a/v5/memory.py
+++ b/v5/memory.py
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+from memory_Context import *
+from llm import *
+
+# Detect mismatched items
+#
+# Conditions:
+# 0. Two items has just been selected
+# 1. The same item has been selected twice
+# 2. Selected items are of different groups
+@llm_by_value
+def memory_detectMismatchedItems(
+  c: memory_Context
+) -> memory_Context:
+  if not (
+    c.recentField == "selectedItems" and
+    len(c.selectedItems) == 2
+  ):
+    c.recentField = "none"
+    return c
+  #}
+  if (
+    c.selectedItems[0] == c.selectedItems[1]
+  ):
+    c.mismatchedItems.clear()
+    c.mismatchedItems.append(c.selectedItems[0])
+    c.recentField = "mismatchedItems"
+    return c
+  #}
+  if (
+    c.playfieldItems[c.selectedItems[0]] != c.playfieldItems[c.selectedItems[1]]
+  ):
+    c.mismatchedItems.clear()
+    c.mismatchedItems.append(c.selectedItems[0])
+    c.mismatchedItems.append(c.selectedItems[1])
+    c.recentField = "mismatchedItems"
+    return c
+  #}
+  c.recentField = "none"
+  return c
+#}
+
+# Detect victory
+#
+# Conditions:
+# 1. Matching items have just been hidden and all items are hidden now
+@llm_by_value
+def memory_detectVictory(
+  c: memory_Context
+) -> memory_Context:
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "hiddenItems" and
+    len(c.hiddenItems) == len(c.playfieldItems)
+  ):
+    c.victory = True
+    c.recentField = "victory"
+    return c
+  #}
+  c.recentField = "none"
+  return c
+#}
+
+# Generate constant playfield
+#
+# Conditions:
+# 1. Size has just been specified
+#
+# Both ids and group ids start with 0
+@llm_by_value
+def memory_generateConstPlayfield(
+  c: memory_Context
+) -> memory_Context:
+  if not (
+    c.recentField == "playfieldSize"
+  ):
+    c.recentField = "none"
+    return c
+  #}
+
+  idGroups: dict[int, int] = { }
+  id = 0
+  for gid in range(0, c.playfieldSize):
+    idGroups[id] = gid
+    id += 1
+    idGroups[id] = gid
+    id += 1
+  #}
+  c.playfieldItems = idGroups
+  c.recentField = "playfieldItems"
+  return c
+#}
+
+# Hide matching selected items
+#
+# Conditions:
+# 1. Two items are selected and they are of the same group
+@llm_by_value
+def memory_hideMatchingItems(
+  c: memory_Context
+) -> memory_Context:
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "selectedItems" and
+    len(c.selectedItems) == 2 and
+    c.playfieldItems[c.selectedItems[0]] == c.playfieldItems[c.selectedItems[1]]
+  ):
+    c.hiddenItems.append(c.selectedItems[0])
+    c.hiddenItems.append(c.selectedItems[1])
+    c.recentField = "hiddenItems"
+    return c
+  #}
+  c.recentField = "none"
+  return c
+#}
+
+# Select item
+#
+# Conditions:
+# 1. Id has just been specified for selection
+@llm_by_value
+def memory_selectItem(
+  c: memory_Context
+) -> memory_Context:
+  if not (
+    c.recentField == "selectedId"
+  ):
+    c.recentField = "none"
+    return c
+  #}
+
+  if (
+    len(c.selectedItems) == 2
+  ):
+    c.selectedItems.clear()
+  #}
+  c.selectedItems.append(c.selectedId)
+  c.recentField = "selectedItems"
+  return c
+#}
+
--- a/v5/memory_Context.cpp
+++ b/v5/memory_Context.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+#include <utility>
+#include "any.h"
+#include "memory_Context.h"
+
+libany::any memory_Context::field(const std::string &fieldName) {
+  if (fieldName == "didLaunch") {
+    return didLaunch;
+  } else if (fieldName == "exit") {
+    return exit;
+  } else if (fieldName == "hiddenItems") {
+    return hiddenItems;
+  } else if (fieldName == "input") {
+    return input;
+  } else if (fieldName == "mismatchedItems") {
+    return mismatchedItems;
+  } else if (fieldName == "outputGoOn") {
+    return outputGoOn;
+  } else if (fieldName == "outputGreeting") {
+    return outputGreeting;
+  } else if (fieldName == "outputHelp") {
+    return outputHelp;
+  } else if (fieldName == "outputMatchedItems") {
+    return outputMatchedItems;
+  } else if (fieldName == "outputMismatchedItems") {
+    return outputMismatchedItems;
+  } else if (fieldName == "outputPromptSelection") {
+    return outputPromptSelection;
+  } else if (fieldName == "outputVictory") {
+    return outputVictory;
+  } else if (fieldName == "playfieldItems") {
+    return playfieldItems;
+  } else if (fieldName == "playfieldSize") {
+    return playfieldSize;
+  } else if (fieldName == "selectedId") {
+    return selectedId;
+  } else if (fieldName == "selectedItems") {
+    return selectedItems;
+  }
+  // victory
+  return victory;
+}
+
+void memory_Context::setField(const std::string &fieldName, libany::any value) {
+  if (fieldName == "didLaunch") {
+    didLaunch = libany::any_cast<bool>(value);
+  } else if (fieldName == "exit") {
+    exit = libany::any_cast<bool>(value);
+  } else if (fieldName == "hiddenItems") {
+    hiddenItems = libany::any_cast<std::vector<int> >(value);
+  } else if (fieldName == "input") {
+    input = libany::any_cast<std::string>(value);
+  } else if (fieldName == "mismatchedItems") {
+    mismatchedItems = libany::any_cast<std::vector<int> >(value);
+  } else if (fieldName == "outputGoOn") {
+    outputGoOn = libany::any_cast<std::string>(value);
+  } else if (fieldName == "outputGreeting") {
+    outputGreeting = libany::any_cast<std::string>(value);
+  } else if (fieldName == "outputHelp") {
+    outputHelp = libany::any_cast<std::string>(value);
+  } else if (fieldName == "outputMatchedItems") {
+    outputMatchedItems = libany::any_cast<std::string>(value);
+  } else if (fieldName == "outputMismatchedItems") {
+    outputMismatchedItems = libany::any_cast<std::string>(value);
+  } else if (fieldName == "outputPromptSelection") {
+    outputPromptSelection = libany::any_cast<std::string>(value);
+  } else if (fieldName == "outputVictory") {
+    outputVictory = libany::any_cast<std::string>(value);
+  } else if (fieldName == "playfieldItems") {
+    playfieldItems = libany::any_cast<std::map<int, int> >(value);
+  } else if (fieldName == "playfieldSize") {
+    playfieldSize = libany::any_cast<int>(value);
+  } else if (fieldName == "selectedId") {
+    selectedId = libany::any_cast<int>(value);
+  } else if (fieldName == "selectedItems") {
+    selectedItems = libany::any_cast<std::vector<int> >(value);
+  } else if (fieldName == "victory") {
+    victory = libany::any_cast<bool>(value);
+  }
+}
+
+memory_Context memory_createContext() {
+  return memory_Context();
+}
--- a/v5/memory_Context.h
+++ b/v5/memory_Context.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include "any.h"
+#include "ctx.h"
+
+#ifndef memory_Context_HEADER
+#define memory_Context_HEADER
+
+struct memory_Context {
+  bool didLaunch = false;
+  bool exit = false;
+  std::vector<int> hiddenItems;
+  std::string input = "";
+  std::vector<int> mismatchedItems;
+  std::string outputGoOn = "";
+  std::string outputGreeting = "";
+  std::string outputHelp = "";
+  std::string outputMatchedItems = "";
+  std::string outputMismatchedItems = "";
+  std::string outputPromptSelection = "";
+  std::string outputVictory = "";
+  std::map<int, int> playfieldItems;
+  int playfieldSize = 0;
+  std::string recentField = "none";
+  int selectedId = -1;
+  std::vector<int> selectedItems;
+  bool victory = false;
+
+  libany::any field(const std::string &fieldName);
+  void setField(const std::string &fieldName, libany::any value);
+};
+
+memory_Context memory_createContext();
+
+#endif // memory_Context_HEADER
--- a/v5/memory_Context.py
+++ b/v5/memory_Context.py
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+class memory_Context:
+  def __init__(self):
+    self.didLaunch = False
+    self.exit = False
+    self.hiddenItems = []
+    self.input = ""
+    self.mismatchedItems = []
+    self.outputGoOn = ""
+    self.outputGreeting = ""
+    self.outputHelp = ""
+    self.outputMatchedItems = ""
+    self.outputMismatchedItems = ""
+    self.outputPromptSelection = ""
+    self.outputVictory = ""
+    self.playfieldItems = {}
+    self.playfieldSize = 0
+    self.recentField = "none"
+    self.selectedId = -1
+    self.selectedItems = []
+    self.victory = False
+
+  def field(self, fieldName):
+    return getattr(self, fieldName)
+
+  def setField(self, fieldName, value):
+    setattr(self, fieldName, value)
+
+  def __repr__(self):
+    return self.__str__()
+
+  def __str__(self):
+    return f"memory_Context(playfieldI/playfieldS/recentF/selectedId/selectedI: '{self.playfieldItems}'/'{self.playfieldSize}'/'{self.recentField}'/'{self.selectedId}'/'{self.selectedItems}')"
+
+def memory_createContext():
+  return memory_Context()
--- a/v5/memory_test.cpp
+++ b/v5/memory_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include "ctx.h"
+#include "llm.h"
+#include "memory_Context.h"
+#include "main.h"
+
+
+
+
+std::string memory_test_detectMismatchedItems(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.playfieldSize = 2;
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize";
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c);
+  // Select two items of different groups.
+  c.selectedId = 0;
+  c.recentField = "selectedId";
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c.selectedId = 2;
+  c.recentField = "selectedId";
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  // Detect mismatching.
+  c = memory_detectMismatchedItems(c);
+  // See if the two selected items do not match.
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "mismatchedItems" &&
+    c.mismatchedItems.size() == 2 &&
+    c.mismatchedItems[0] == 0 &&
+    c.mismatchedItems[1] == 2
+  ) {
+    return "OK: memory_detectMismatchedItems";
+  }
+  return "ERR: memory_detectMismatchedItems";
+}
+
+
+
+
+std::string memory_test_detectMismatchedItems_itemTwice(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.playfieldSize = 2;
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize";
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c);
+  // Select the same item twice.
+  c.selectedId = 0;
+  c.recentField = "selectedId";
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c.selectedId = 0;
+  c.recentField = "selectedId";
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  // Detect mismatching.
+  c = memory_detectMismatchedItems(c);
+  // See if the two selected items do not match.
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "mismatchedItems" &&
+    c.mismatchedItems.size() == 1 &&
+    c.mismatchedItems[0] == 0
+  ) {
+    return "OK: memory_detectMismatchedItems_itemTwice";
+  }
+  return "ERR: memory_detectMismatchedItems_itemTwice";
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+std::string memory_test_detectVictory(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.playfieldSize = 2;
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize";
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c);
+  // Select the first two items of the same group.
+  c.selectedId = 0;
+  c.recentField = "selectedId";
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c.selectedId = 1;
+  c.recentField = "selectedId";
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  // Hide the first pair.
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c);
+  // Select the last two items of the same group.
+  c.selectedId = 2;
+  c.recentField = "selectedId";
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c.selectedId = 3;
+  c.recentField = "selectedId";
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  // Hide the second pair.
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c);
+  // Detect victory.
+  c = memory_detectVictory(c);
+  // See if victory has been detected.
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "victory" &&
+    c.victory == true
+  ) {
+    return "OK: memory_detectVictory";
+  }
+  return "ERR: memory_detectVictory";
+}
+
+std::string memory_test_generateConstPlayfield(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.playfieldSize = 2;
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize";
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c);
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "playfieldItems" &&
+    c.playfieldItems.size() == 4 &&
+    c.playfieldItems[0] == 0 &&
+    c.playfieldItems[1] == 0 &&
+    c.playfieldItems[2] == 1 &&
+    c.playfieldItems[3] == 1
+  ) {
+    return "OK: memory_generateConstPlayfield";
+  }
+  return "ERR: memory_generateConstPlayfield";
+}
+
+
+
+
+std::string memory_test_hideMatchingItems(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.playfieldSize = 2;
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize";
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c);
+  // Select two items of the same group.
+  c.selectedId = 0;
+  c.recentField = "selectedId";
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c.selectedId = 1;
+  c.recentField = "selectedId";
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  // Hide matching items.
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c);
+  // See if the two selected items match.
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "hiddenItems" &&
+    c.hiddenItems.size() == 2 &&
+    c.hiddenItems[0] == 0 &&
+    c.hiddenItems[1] == 1
+  ) {
+    return "OK: memory_hideMatchingItems";
+  }
+  return "ERR: memory_hideMatchingItems";
+}
+
+
+
+std::string memory_test_selectItem_1x(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.playfieldSize = 2;
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize";
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c);
+  // Select the first item.
+  c.selectedId = 0;
+  c.recentField = "selectedId";
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  // See if it's in selectedItems now.
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "selectedItems" &&
+    c.selectedItems.size() == 1 &&
+    c.selectedItems[0] == 0
+  ) {
+    return "OK: memory_selectItem_1x";
+  }
+  return "ERR: memory_selectItem_1x";
+}
+
+
+
+std::string memory_test_selectItem_2x(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.playfieldSize = 2;
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize";
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c);
+  // Select the first two items.
+  c.selectedId = 0;
+  c.recentField = "selectedId";
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c.selectedId = 1;
+  c.recentField = "selectedId";
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  // See if both items are selected now.
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "selectedItems" &&
+    c.selectedItems.size() == 2 &&
+    c.selectedItems[0] == 0 &&
+    c.selectedItems[1] == 1
+  ) {
+    return "OK: memory_selectItem_2x";
+  }
+  return "ERR: memory_selectItem_2x";
+}
+
+
+
+std::string memory_test_selectItem_3x(
+) {
+  auto c = memory_createContext();
+  c.playfieldSize = 2;
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize";
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c);
+  // Select three items.
+  c.selectedId = 0;
+  c.recentField = "selectedId";
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c.selectedId = 1;
+  c.recentField = "selectedId";
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  c.selectedId = 2;
+  c.recentField = "selectedId";
+  c = memory_selectItem(c);
+  // See if only one (last) item is selected now.
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "selectedItems" &&
+    c.selectedItems.size() == 1 &&
+    c.selectedItems[0] == 2
+  ) {
+    return "OK: memory_selectItem_3x";
+  }
+  return "ERR: memory_selectItem_3x";
+}
+
--- a/v5/memory_test.py
+++ b/v5/memory_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+from memory import *
+from memory_Context import *
+
+def memory_test_detectMismatchedItems(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.playfieldSize = 2
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize"
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c)
+
+  # Select two items of different groups.
+  c.selectedId = 0
+  c.recentField = "selectedId"
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c.selectedId = 2
+  c.recentField = "selectedId"
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+
+  # Detect mismatching.
+  c = memory_detectMismatchedItems(c)
+
+  # See if the two selected items do not match.
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "mismatchedItems" and
+    len(c.mismatchedItems) == 2 and
+    c.mismatchedItems[0] == 0 and
+    c.mismatchedItems[1] == 2
+  ):
+    return "OK: memory_detectMismatchedItems"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: memory_detectMismatchedItems"
+#}
+
+def memory_test_detectMismatchedItems_itemTwice(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.playfieldSize = 2
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize"
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c)
+
+  # Select the same item twice.
+  c.selectedId = 0
+  c.recentField = "selectedId"
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c.selectedId = 0
+  c.recentField = "selectedId"
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+
+  # Detect mismatching.
+  c = memory_detectMismatchedItems(c)
+
+  # See if the two selected items do not match.
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "mismatchedItems" and
+    len(c.mismatchedItems) == 1 and
+    c.mismatchedItems[0] == 0
+  ):
+    return "OK: memory_detectMismatchedItems_itemTwice"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: memory_detectMismatchedItems_itemTwice"
+#}
+
+def memory_test_detectVictory(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.playfieldSize = 2
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize"
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c)
+
+  # Select the first two items of the same group.
+  c.selectedId = 0
+  c.recentField = "selectedId"
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c.selectedId = 1
+  c.recentField = "selectedId"
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+
+  # Hide the first pair.
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c)
+
+  # Select the last two items of the same group.
+  c.selectedId = 2
+  c.recentField = "selectedId"
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c.selectedId = 3
+  c.recentField = "selectedId"
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+
+  # Hide the second pair.
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c)
+
+  # Detect victory.
+  c = memory_detectVictory(c)
+
+  # See if victory has been detected.
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "victory" and
+    c.victory == True
+  ):
+    return "OK: memory_detectVictory"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: memory_detectVictory"
+#}
+
+def memory_test_generateConstPlayfield(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.playfieldSize = 2
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize"
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c)
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "playfieldItems" and
+    len(c.playfieldItems) == 4 and
+    c.playfieldItems[0] == 0 and
+    c.playfieldItems[1] == 0 and
+    c.playfieldItems[2] == 1 and
+    c.playfieldItems[3] == 1
+  ):
+    return "OK: memory_generateConstPlayfield"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: memory_generateConstPlayfield"
+#}
+
+def memory_test_hideMatchingItems(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.playfieldSize = 2
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize"
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c)
+
+  # Select two items of the same group.
+  c.selectedId = 0
+  c.recentField = "selectedId"
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c.selectedId = 1
+  c.recentField = "selectedId"
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+
+  # Hide matching items.
+  c = memory_hideMatchingItems(c)
+
+  # See if the two selected items match.
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "hiddenItems" and
+    len(c.hiddenItems) == 2 and
+    c.hiddenItems[0] == 0 and
+    c.hiddenItems[1] == 1
+  ):
+    return "OK: memory_hideMatchingItems"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: memory_hideMatchingItems"
+#}
+
+def memory_test_selectItem_1x(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.playfieldSize = 2
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize"
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c)
+
+  # Select the first item.
+  c.selectedId = 0
+  c.recentField = "selectedId"
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+
+  # See if it's in selectedItems now.
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "selectedItems" and
+    len(c.selectedItems) == 1 and
+    c.selectedItems[0] == 0
+  ):
+    return "OK: memory_selectItem_1x"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: memory_selectItem_1x"
+#}
+
+def memory_test_selectItem_2x(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.playfieldSize = 2
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize"
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c)
+
+  # Select the first two items.
+  c.selectedId = 0
+  c.recentField = "selectedId"
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c.selectedId = 1
+  c.recentField = "selectedId"
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+
+  # See if both items are selected now.
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "selectedItems" and
+    len(c.selectedItems) == 2 and
+    c.selectedItems[0] == 0 and
+    c.selectedItems[1] == 1
+  ):
+    return "OK: memory_selectItem_2x"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: memory_selectItem_2x"
+#}
+
+def memory_test_selectItem_3x(
+) -> str:
+  c = memory_createContext()
+  c.playfieldSize = 2
+  c.recentField = "playfieldSize"
+  c = memory_generateConstPlayfield(c)
+
+  # Select three items.
+  c.selectedId = 0
+  c.recentField = "selectedId"
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c.selectedId = 1
+  c.recentField = "selectedId"
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+  c.selectedId = 2
+  c.recentField = "selectedId"
+  c = memory_selectItem(c)
+
+  # See if only one (last) item is selected now.
+  if (
+    c.recentField == "selectedItems" and
+    len(c.selectedItems) == 1 and
+    c.selectedItems[0] == 2
+  ):
+    return "OK: memory_selectItem_3x"
+  #}
+  return "ERR: memory_selectItem_3x"
+#}
--- a/v5/tPythonC++/CPP.py
+++ b/v5/tPythonC++/CPP.py
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+from Function import *
+
+def includes():
+    return """
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include "ctx.h"
+#include "llm.h"
+#include "memory_Context.h"
+#include "main.h"
+"""
+
+def replaceAnd(s):
+    return s.replace(" and", " &&")
+
+def replaceAppend(s):
+    return s.replace(".append(", ".push_back(")
+
+def replaceComment(s):
+    return s.replace("#", "//")
+
+def replaceLen(s):
+    posLen = s.find("len(")
+    posEnd = s.find(")", posLen)
+    if (
+      posLen == -1 or
+      posEnd == -1
+    ):
+      return s
+    before = s[:posLen]
+    name = s[posLen + len("len("):posEnd]
+    after = s[posEnd + len(")"):]
+    return f"{before}{name}.size(){after}"
+
+def replaceOr(s):
+    return s.replace(" or", " ||")
+
+def replaceTrue(s):
+    return s.replace("True", "true")
+
+def translateParameter(s):
+    # name: type -> type name
+    parts = s.split(": ")
+    indent = len(s) - len(s.lstrip())
+    name = parts[0].lstrip()
+    t = translateType(parts[1])
+    indentation = "".join(" " * indent)
+    return f"{indentation}{t} {name}"
+
+def translateStatement(s, state):
+    indent = len(s) - len(s.lstrip())
+    indentation = "".join(" " * indent)
+    ss = s.lstrip()
+    posColon = ss.find(": ")
+    posComma = ss.find(", ")
+    posComment = ss.find("# ")
+    posCtrl = ss.find("ctrl.")
+    posCtx = ss.find("c.")
+    posEqual = ss.find(" = ")
+    posFor = ss.find("for ")
+    posIn = ss.find(" in ")
+    posRange = ss.find("range(")
+    posRangeEnd = ss.find("):")
+    posClosingScope = ss.find("#}")
+    posOpenSquareBracket = ss.find("[")
+
+    # # -> //
+    if posComment != -1:
+      return replaceComment(s)
+
+    # #} -> }
+    if posClosingScope != -1:
+      return f"{indentation}}}"
+
+    # for name in range(x, y): -> for (auto name = x; name < y; ++name) {
+    if (
+        posFor >= 0 and
+        posIn >= 0 and
+        posRange >= 0
+    ):
+      name = ss[posFor + len("for "):posIn]
+      x = ss[posRange + len("range("):posComma]
+      y = ss[posComma + len(", "):posRangeEnd]
+      return f"{indentation}for (auto {name} = {x}; {name} < {y}; ++{name}) {{"
+
+    # name: type = value -> type name = value
+    if (
+        posColon >= 0 and
+        posEqual >= 0
+    ):
+      name = ss[:posColon]
+      type = ss[posColon + len(": "):posEqual]
+      t = translateType(type)
+      value = ss[posEqual + len(" = "):]
+      return f"{indentation}{t} {name} = {value};"
+
+    # name = value -> auto name = value
+    if (
+        posCtx == -1 and
+        posCtrl == -1 and
+        posColon == -1 and
+        posOpenSquareBracket == -1 and
+        posEqual >= 0
+    ):
+      name = ss[:posEqual]
+      # Skip prepending 'auto' each time variable is assigned,
+      # only do it the first time
+      if name not in state.varNames:
+          state.varNames[name] = True
+          value = ss[posEqual + len(" = "):]
+          return f"{indentation}auto {name} = {value};"
+
+    # Keep "if ("
+    if ss == "if (":
+        state.isIf = True
+        return s
+
+    # Keep "if not ("
+    if ss == "if not (":
+        state.isIfNot = True
+        return f"{indentation}if (!("
+
+    # ): -> }
+    if ss == "):":
+        # if
+        if state.isIf:
+            state.isIf = False
+            return f"{indentation}) {{"
+        # if not
+        state.isIfNot = False
+        return f"{indentation})) {{"
+
+    ending = ";"
+    if state.isIf or state.isIfNot:
+        ending = ""
+
+    # Unknown.
+    return f"{s}{ending}"
+
+def translateType(s):
+    # dict[X, Y] -> std::map<X, Y>
+    if s.startswith("dict["):
+        kv = s[len("dict["):-len("]")]
+        parts = kv.split(", ")
+        return f"std::map<{parts[0]}, {parts[1]}>"
+    # str -> std::string
+    if s == "str":
+        return "std::string"
+
+    # Unknown. Return as is.
+    return s
+
+class CPP:
+    def __init__(self, fn):
+        self.fn = fn
+        self.isIf = False
+        self.isIfNot = False
+        self.varNames = {}
+
+    def translate(self):
+        returnType = translateType(self.fn.returnType)
+
+        # Parameters.
+        params = []
+        for i in range(0, len(self.fn.parameters)):
+            p = translateParameter(self.fn.parameters[i])
+            # Make Context passed by reference.
+            #if "Context" in p:
+            #    p = p.replace("Context", "Context&")
+            params.append(p)
+        strparams = "\n".join(params)
+        if (len(strparams) > 0):
+            strparams += "\n"
+
+        # Statements.
+        sts = []
+        for i in range(0, len(self.fn.statements)):
+          s = translateStatement(self.fn.statements[i], self)
+          s = replaceAnd(s)
+          s = replaceOr(s)
+          s = replaceAppend(s)
+          # Replace len twice to account for double invocation.
+          s = replaceLen(s)
+          s = replaceLen(s)
+          s = replaceTrue(s)
+          sts.append(s)
+        strstatements = "\n".join(sts)
+
+        return f"""{returnType} {self.fn.name}(
+{strparams}) {{
+{strstatements}
+}}
+"""
+
--- a/v5/tPythonC++/Function.py
+++ b/v5/tPythonC++/Function.py
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+class Function:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.isBody = False
+        self.isComplete = False
+        self.isSignature = False
+        self.name = None
+        self.parameters = []
+        self.returnType = None
+        self.statements = []
+
+    def parseLine(self, ln):
+        parts = ln.split(" ")
+        count = len(parts)
+        lastPart = parts[count - 1]
+
+        # Complete.
+        if (
+            self.isBody and
+            ln.startswith("#}")
+        ):
+            self.isComplete = True
+
+        # Statements.
+        if (
+            self.isBody and
+            not ln.startswith("#}")
+        ):
+            self.statements.append(ln)
+
+        # Parameters.
+        if (
+            self.isSignature and
+            not ln.endswith(":")
+        ):
+            p = ln
+            # Remove comma if present.
+            if p.endswith(","):
+                p = p[:-1]
+            self.parameters.append(p)
+
+        # Beginning of signature.
+        if (
+            self.returnType is None and
+            self.name is None
+            and lastPart.endswith("(")
+        ):
+            self.isSignature = True
+
+        # Return type.
+        if (
+            self.isSignature and
+            ln.startswith(") -> ") and
+            ln.endswith(":")
+        ):
+            self.returnType = ln[len(") -> "):-len(":")]
+
+        # End of parameters/signature.
+        if (
+            self.isSignature and
+            ln.startswith(") -> ") and
+            ln.endswith(":")
+        ):
+            self.isSignature = False
+            self.isBody = True
+
+        # Name.
+        if (
+            self.isSignature and
+            lastPart.endswith("(")
+        ):
+            self.name = lastPart[:-1]
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return self.__str__()
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"Function(name/returnT/parameters/statements: '{self.name}'/'{self.returnType}'/'{self.parameters}'/'{self.statements}')"
--- a/v5/tPythonC++/process.py
+++ b/v5/tPythonC++/process.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+from CPP import *
+from Function import *
+
+def process(FILE_IN):
+    # Read file.
+    lines_in = []
+    with open(FILE_IN) as file:
+        for line in file:
+            lines_in.append(line.rstrip())
+
+    f = Function()
+    out = includes()
+
+    # Parse.
+    for ln in lines_in:
+        ln = ln.rstrip()
+
+        # Empty line.
+        if ln == "":
+            out += "\n"
+        # Comment.
+        elif (
+          ln.startswith("#") and
+          not f.isBody
+        ):
+            out += replaceComment(ln) + "\n"
+        # Function.
+        else:
+            f.parseLine(ln)
+
+        if f.isComplete:
+            cpp = CPP(f)
+            out += cpp.translate()
+            # Create new function instance.
+            f = Function()
+
+    return out
--- a/v5/tPythonC++/translate
+++ b/v5/tPythonC++/translate
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import os
+import sys
+from process import *
+
+DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(sys.argv[0]))
+
+if len(sys.argv) < 2:
+    print("Usage: /path/to/translate [OPTIONS] PYTHON_FILE")
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+FILE_IN = sys.argv[-1]
+
+# Parse options
+# TODO Use options
+OPT_HEADER = "--header" in sys.argv
+OPT_INCLUDES = None
+OPT_PREFIX_INCLUDES = "--includes="
+for arg in sys.argv:
+    if arg.startswith(OPT_PREFIX_INCLUDES):
+        OPT_INCLUDES = arg[len(OPT_PREFIX_INCLUDES):]
+
+# Translate file.
+out = process(FILE_IN)#, OPT_HEADER, OPT_INCLUDES)
+print(out)
--- a/v5/translate-py-cxx
+++ b/v5/translate-py-cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+DIR=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" ; pwd -P)
+TR=$DIR/tPythonC++/translate
+
+$TR $DIR/memory.py > $DIR/memory.cpp
+$TR $DIR/memory_test.py > $DIR/memory_test.cpp
+$TR $DIR/cli.py > $DIR/cli.cpp
+$TR $DIR/cli_test.py > $DIR/cli_test.cpp
+$TR $DIR/ctx_test.py > $DIR/ctx_test.cpp
+$TR $DIR/llm_test.py > $DIR/llm_test.cpp
+$DIR/cxx-headers