diff --git a/v3/memory.cpp b/v3/memory.cpp
index e1e8c80..1870f46 100644
--- a/v3/memory.cpp
+++ b/v3/memory.cpp
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ memory_Context memory_selectItem(
   if (
     c.selectedItems.size() == 2
   ) {
-    c.selectedItems = [];
+    c.selectedItems.clear();
   }
-  c.selectedItems.append(c.selectedId);
+  c.selectedItems.push_back(c.selectedId);
   c.recentField = "selectedItems";
   return c;
 }
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ memory_Context memory_shouldDeselectMismatchedItems(
     c.selectedItems[0] == c.selectedItems[1]
   ) {
     c.mismatchedItems.clear();
-    c.mismatchedItems.append(c.selectedItems[0]);
+    c.mismatchedItems.push_back(c.selectedItems[0]);
     c.recentField = "mismatchedItems";
     return c;
   }
@@ -70,8 +70,8 @@ memory_Context memory_shouldDeselectMismatchedItems(
     c.playfieldItems[c.selectedItems[0]] != c.playfieldItems[c.selectedItems[1]]
   ) {
     c.mismatchedItems.clear();
-    c.mismatchedItems.append(c.selectedItems[0]);
-    c.mismatchedItems.append(c.selectedItems[1]);
+    c.mismatchedItems.push_back(c.selectedItems[0]);
+    c.mismatchedItems.push_back(c.selectedItems[1]);
     c.recentField = "mismatchedItems";
     return c;
   }
@@ -88,9 +88,9 @@ memory_Context memory_shouldDetectVictory(
 ) {
   if (
     c.recentField == "hiddenItems" &&
-    c.hiddenItems.size() == len(c.playfieldItems)
+    c.hiddenItems.size() == c.playfieldItems.size()
   ) {
-    c.victory = True;
+    c.victory = true;
     c.recentField = "victory";
     return c;
   }
@@ -110,8 +110,8 @@ memory_Context memory_shouldHideMatchingItems(
     c.selectedItems.size() == 2 &&
     c.playfieldItems[c.selectedItems[0]] == c.playfieldItems[c.selectedItems[1]]
   ) {
-    c.hiddenItems.append(c.selectedItems[0]);
-    c.hiddenItems.append(c.selectedItems[1]);
+    c.hiddenItems.push_back(c.selectedItems[0]);
+    c.hiddenItems.push_back(c.selectedItems[1]);
     c.recentField = "hiddenItems";
     return c;
   }
diff --git a/v3/memory.py b/v3/memory.py
index 1185139..c4449d1 100644
--- a/v3/memory.py
+++ b/v3/memory.py
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ def memory_selectItem(
   if (
     len(c.selectedItems) == 2
   ):
-    c.selectedItems = []
+    c.selectedItems.clear()
   #}
   c.selectedItems.append(c.selectedId)
   c.recentField = "selectedItems"
diff --git a/v3/memory_test.cpp b/v3/memory_test.cpp
index c6e17bb..daf32b2 100644
--- a/v3/memory_test.cpp
+++ b/v3/memory_test.cpp
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ std::string memory_test_shouldDetectVictory(
   # See if victory has been detected.;
   if (
     c.recentField == "victory" &&
-    c.victory == True
+    c.victory == true
   ) {
     return "OK: memory_shouldDetectVictory";
   }
diff --git a/v3/tPythonC++/CPP.py b/v3/tPythonC++/CPP.py
index 7cb2051..cf2e746 100644
--- a/v3/tPythonC++/CPP.py
+++ b/v3/tPythonC++/CPP.py
@@ -10,12 +10,15 @@ def includes():
 def replaceAnd(s):
     return s.replace("and", "&&")
 
+def replaceAppend(s):
+    return s.replace(".append(", ".push_back(")
+
 def replaceComment(s):
     return s.replace("#", "//")
 
 def replaceLen(s):
     posLen = s.find("len(")
-    posEnd = s.find(")")
+    posEnd = s.find(")", posLen)
     if (
       posLen == -1 or
       posEnd == -1
@@ -26,6 +29,9 @@ def replaceLen(s):
     after = s[posEnd + len(")"):]
     return f"{before}{name}.size(){after}"
 
+def replaceTrue(s):
+    return s.replace("True", "true")
+
 def translateParameter(s):
     # name: type -> type name
     parts = s.split(": ")
@@ -147,7 +153,11 @@ class CPP:
         for i in range(0, len(self.fn.statements)):
           s = translateStatement(self.fn.statements[i], self)
           s = replaceAnd(s)
+          s = replaceAppend(s)
+          # Replace len twice to account for double invocation.
+          s = replaceLen(s)
           s = replaceLen(s)
+          s = replaceTrue(s)
           sts.append(s)
         strstatements = "\n".join(sts)